Bridging D–A type photosensitizers with the azo group to boost intersystem crossing for efficient photodynamic therapy

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted much attention in disease treatments. However, the exploration of a novel method for the construction of outstanding photosensitizers (PSs) with stimuli-responsiveness remains challenging. In this...

Near-infrared metal agents assisting precision medicine: from strategic design to bioimaging and therapeutic applications

“…Recent metal-agent-based studies tend to use blue light to realize PDT effects, but the poor penetration depth into the tissue limits the possibility of treating large tumors. 302 Hence, the development of NIR metal photodynamic agents plays an important role in improving the therapeutic effect of cancer. Gasser et al (Fig.…”

Recent advances in type I organic photosensitizers for efficient photodynamic therapy for overcoming tumor hypoxia

“…There are some useful strategies for designing type I PSs: (1) promoting the ISC process to obtain enough triplets, which is necessary for both type I and type II PSs; (2) increasing the electron affinity of PSs, which facilitates electron capture to form stable free radical anion intermediates; (3) inhibiting the type II pathway by reducing the T1 energy level, which improves the competitiveness of type I pathway. For example, the presence of the azo group and CS bond was reported to boost ISC for an efficient PDT; 145 (4) utilizing of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to encapsulate a thermally activated delayed fluorescence photosensitizer; 146 (5) bypass oxygen to directly produce hydroxyl radicals through the oxidation of water in cells. 147 (6) Improving ROS generation efficiency through the polymerization effect that increasing the concentration of free radicals by increasing the stability of free radicals with aggregation.…”

Thermoresponsive Hydrogel‐Enabled Thermostatic Photothermal Therapy for Enhanced Healing of Bacteria‐Infected Wounds

“…[4][5][6][7] It is thus of great significance to develop antibiotic-independent approaches for efficient antibacterial therapy. [8][9][10][11] Among various antibiotic-independent strategies, photothermal therapy (PTT) have emerged as an attractive technique for the treatment of bacterial infections due to its unique advantages, such as non-invasiveness, high selectivity, broad-spectrum antibacterial activities and easy eradication of drugresistant bacteria (Table S1, Supporting Information). [12][13][14][15] PTT primarily utilizes the largely generated heat by photothermal materials under near-infrared (NIR) light to inactivate bacteria by damaging bacterial membranes and/or denaturing bacterial proteins.…”