“Bribery with Chinese characteristics” and the use of<i>guanxi</i>to obtain admission to prestigious secondary schools in urban China

Ruan, Ji

doi:10.1080/14672715.2018.1548906

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The issue of bribery, though not a focus of this chapter, is an important aspect of guanxi practice. Interested readers please see Ruan. J.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing with Smartphones in Urban China

Wang¹

2023

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100 v Contents List of figures vi List of charts xiii List of tables xiv Series foreword xv Acknowledgements xvii 1 Introduction 1 2 Ageing and retirement: ruptures and continuity 29 3 Everyday life: daily activities and the digital routine 60 4 Social relations: the guanxi practice beyond family ties 99 5 Crafting the smartphone 6 Crafting health: the moral body and the therapeutic smartphone 7 'Doing personhood' in revolution(s) 8 Life purpose: searching for meaning in revolutions and reforms 9 Conclusion Appendix 1: The brief function of top 24 apps on the top 10 list and app analysis method Appendix 2: The super app WeChat Bibliography Index vi List of figures 7.6 Liang Zhu talking about his two revolutions. Watercolour painting by Xinyuan Wang. 7.7 Yu Chen's watercolour painting of Shanghai city centre. Photo provided by Yu Chen. 7.8 Chang Guan's 'Meipian' blog posts. All photos by Chang Guan. Screenshots by Xinyuan Wang. 8.1 'Forget Me Not': a short film featuring Mr Shou and his photography project. Watch the film at: https:// www.yout ube.com/ watch?v= -LZf X1rj dCM&t= 5s. 8.2 Screenshot of Shuli's 'Buddha' WeChat profile (left) and a Buddhist-related short video that she sent via the Buddha WeChat account during the global pandemic (right). Screenshots by Xinyuan Wang. A2.1a WeChat Moment (left). Screenshot by Xinyuan Wang. A2.1b WeChat subscriptions (public account) (right). Screenshot by Xinyuan Wang. A2.2a WeChat interface (left). Screenshot by Xinyuan Wang. A2.2b WeChat Pay (right). Screenshot by Xinyuan Wang. A2.3 WeChat mini-programs. Screenshot by Xinyuan Wang. xiii List of charts 5.1 Age and gender distribution of app analysis research participants. Infographics by Xinyuan Wang. 5.2 The top 10 smartphone apps list. Infographics by Xinyuan Wang. 5.3 The average number of apps in different age and gender groups. Infographics by Xinyuan Wang. 5.4 The use of apps between couples. Infographics by Xinyuan Wang. xiv List of tables 2.1 Table showing demographic data from Shanghainese households. Created by Xinyuan Wang. 39 A1.1 Brief function of top 24 apps, Created by Xinyuan Wang. 268 xv Series foreword This book series is based on a project called ASSA -the Anthropology of Smartphones and Smart Ageing. It was primarily funded by the European Research Council (ERC) and located at the Department of Anthropology, UCL.The project had three main goals. The first was to study ageing. Our premise was that most studies of ageing focus on those defined by age, that is youth and the elderly. This project would focus upon people who did not regard themselves as either young or elderly. We anticipated that their sense of ageing would also be impacted by the recent spread of smartphone use. Smartphones were thereby transformed from a youth technology to a device used by anyone. This also meant that, for the first time, we could make a general assessment of the use and consequences of smartphones as a global technology, beyond those connotations of youth. The third goal was more practical. We wanted to consider how...

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“…The issue of bribery, though not a focus of this chapter, is an important aspect of guanxi practice. Interested readers please see Ruan. J.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing with Smartphones in Urban China

Wang¹

2023

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“…Indeed, the cultural and institutional aspects of guanxi are not alternatives but mutually supportive and, as briefly indicated above, institutions necessarily rely on cultural factors. Many studies not only endorse the idea that renqing —the moral ethos of guanxi —is a feature of instrumental relations between entrepreneurs (Gold, 1985 : 660; Osburg, 2013 : 23) but also that renqing is an aspect of corrupt practices in legal circles, military appointments, and in accessing other valued resources (Ruan, 2019 : 121–4, 126–7; Wang, 2016 : 986–97; Zhao, 2019 : 5–7). There is another aspect of the cultural dimension of guanxi that deserves to be pursued, though, which raises questions concerning its institutional aspects which might otherwise be ignored.…”

Section: Guanxi and Its Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptualising informal institutions: Drawing on the case of guanxi

Barbalet

2022

British Journal of Sociology

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Institutions regulate social life through formal rules and sanctions. These are distinguished from another source of social regulation, the informal incentives and constraints inherent in cultural currents and customary practices. Informal practices may be based not simply on cultural forces, though, but expectations regularised by informal rules and sanctions, which may operate as informal institutions. One approach holds that informal institutions arise out of formal institutional voids. Another holds that informal institutions operate in response to situations in which formal institutions frustrate the interests of individuals and groups who engage informal institutions to augment, compromise, or subvert formal institutions. After developing the concept of informal institution, the article goes on to indicate how an informal relationship pervasive in modern China, guanxi, may be understood as an informal institution. It is shown that by drawing on the case of guanxi the scope of the concept informal institution can be extended and also that our understanding of guanxi is enriched when the concept of informal institution is applied to its analysis.

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“…His intimate guanxi displayed through Confucian ritual provides a cover for his corrupt intentions. The interaction rituals of bribery guanxi are a type of moral performance used to justify immoral practice (Ruan 2019). In essence, Ximen Qing's guanxi is sinful and even wicked.…”

Section: Money Worship Power and Guanxi Represented In Fiction Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Was It the Ming Dynasty that Engendered the Guanxi Motif in Fiction?

Han¹

2020

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Compared to other informal social network mechanisms, guanxi is more common in China and is the most typical. Even in daily life, it is indispensable. Hence, in Chinese fiction, the guanxi motif is prevalent and important. Interestingly, before the Ming dynasty, guanxi was not a literary motif in fiction. This article suggests that three factors contributed to the rise of the guanxi motif in fiction in the Ming dynasty. The first was the boom in fiction writing, especially in the genre of realism, that occurred in this era, which expanded the scope of literary representation. The second was the degradation of public morals in the Ming dynasty, a momentous social transition that Ming fiction writers noted and portrayed. Guanxi, as a disruptive social mechanism that dismantled previous models of human connection, became a focus in their works. The third was the fact that the atmosphere of money worship promoted by guanxi, together with official corruption, facilitated widespread social inequality. Guanxi, as the crux of inequity, inspired writers to expose social turpitude. More importantly, the guanxi motif satisfied the need for plot conflict in literary works. Thus, it became a necessary motif in Ming fiction.

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“Bribery with Chinese characteristics” and the use ofguanxito obtain admission to prestigious secondary schools in urban China

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Ageing with Smartphones in Urban China

Ageing with Smartphones in Urban China

Conceptualising informal institutions: Drawing on the case of guanxi

Why Was It the Ming Dynasty that Engendered the Guanxi Motif in Fiction?

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