Breeding for biotic stresses.

Basandrai, Ashwani K.; Basandrai, Daisy; Duraimurugan, P.; Srinivasan, T. E.; Pratap, Aditya; Kumar, J.

doi:10.1079/9781845937669.0220

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The utility of Bt ICPs in conferring resistance to varied pests has been demonstrated in a wide range of crops . In pigeonpea, major crop losses resulting in stagnated productivity are mainly due to various biotic and abiotic factors, including herbivory by H. armigera . A major impetus for the mitigation of this pest in pigeonpea has been transgenesis due to the lack of availability of resistance sources in the cultivated germplasm .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) transgenics expressing Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF under nethouse containment implicated an effective control against herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

Ramkumar

Rathinam

Singh

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Pigeonpea is a source of quality proteins and the main constituent of a well‐balanced diet for majority of Indian population. One of the major constraints in the production of pigeonpea is a polyphagous insect pest, Helicoverpa armigera. Non‐availability of resistant sources in the germplasm and limitations in conventional breeding have been key factors for continued yield losses. Additionally, hazards of chemical fertilizers on the environment have prompted the scientific community to develop alternative strategies. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins (ICPs) have emerged as the most reliable source for the control of insect pests through transgenics. RESULTS Transgenic pigeonpea plants harboring validated Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF were developed by a non‐tissue culture based in planta transformation strategy and assessed for integration of Transfer‐DNA (T‐DNA) and efficacy against pod borer under in vitro conditions. For the first time this study demonstrates the successful evaluation of 19 transgenic pigeonpea events (11 with cry2Aa and 8 with cry1AcF) under soil and pot conditions in a nethouse containment. The stability in the performance was assessed stringently by deliberate H. armigera larval challenging. The trial identified ten promising events of both the genes that portrayed reduced damage to the herbivore. CONCLUSION We present the first ever successful evaluation of pigeonpea transgenics with the ability to mitigate pod borer under nethouse conditions. The transgenics depicted molecular evidence for the stability of T‐DNA integration, consistency in the expression of Cry proteins and resistance against H. armigera. These events can form a pool of useful transgenics to manage the devastating pod borer. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) transgenics expressing Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF under nethouse containment implicated an effective control against herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

Ramkumar

Rathinam

Singh

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…The abiotic stresses like heat, salinity, drought and cold are the major adverse environmental factors that limit plant productivity (Ahmad et al, 2014). While as, biotic stresses include diseases, insects, pests and plant-parasitic nematodes that drastically affect chickpea yield (Basandrai et al, 2011). The major diseases are Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporumf.…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 02 (2021)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Vitro Evaluation of Bio-control Agents against Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta Blight of Chickpea

Ahmad¹,

Summuna²

2021

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…Valdez (1989) observed only a slight effect of the host on larval survival, and Okech and Saxena (1990) indicated that stem and pods act as antibiosis component of resistance in TVNu 946 and VITA 5. In general, antibiosis consequences are expressed in terms of weight and size of insects, sex ratio, and proportion of insects entering diapause (Basandrai et al 2011). Four green gram accessions LM 131, V 1123, LM 371, and STY 2633 and three black gram accessions UH 82-5, IC 8219, and SPS 143 were found to be moderately resistant to bruchid C. chinensis having less percentage survival and prolonged developmental period as compared to susceptible check (Ponnusamy et al 2014).…”

Section: Antibiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Proof and Utilization of Resistance of Insect Pests in Grain Legumes: Progress and Limitations

Sharma

Jaba

Vashisth

2017

Breeding Insect Resistant Crops for Sustainable Agriculture

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Major food legumes including chickpea, pigeon pea, cowpea, field pea, lentil, faba bean, black gram, green gram, and Phaseolus beans play a vital role in food, nutritional security, and sustainable crop production. Several insect pests damage grain legumes, of which Helicoverpa armigera; Maruca vitrata; Etiella zinckenella; Spodoptera litura and S. exigua; Melanagromyza obtusa; Ophiomyia phaseoli; Aphis craccivora and Bemisia tabaci; Empoasca spp., Megalurothrips dorsalis, and Caliothrips indicus; Mylabris spp.; and Callosobruchus chinensis crusade extensive losses. Appreciable progress has been made in formulating techniques to evaluate germplasm, mapping populations, and genetically modified crops for resistance to insect pests under field and greenhouse conditions. No-choice and dual-choice cage screening techniques, detached leaf assay, and diet incorporation assays have been standardized to screen for resistance to major insect pests in grain legumes. However, some of these techniques cannot be used to screen against stem flies, pod fly, leafhoppers, thrips, and aphids. There is a need to develop methods for mass multiplication of aforesaid insects to undertake precise phenotyping for resistance to these insects. There is a necessity to identify lines with different resistance mechanisms/components of resistance for gene pyramiding to explicate cultivars with the stable source of resistance to insect pests. Prominent levels of resistance to the pod borers have been found in the wild accessions of chickpea, 132 pigeon pea, and cowpea, which can be exploited to introgress genes to heighten the levels and diversify the basis of resistance to insect pests to build host plant resistance a viable component of pest management in grain legumes for sustainable crop production.

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Breeding for biotic stresses.

Abstract: This chapter discusse the progress of and prospects through genetic enhancement in combating biotic stresses (pathogens, insect pests and nematodes) in important food legumes (including chickpea, lentil, mung bean, pigeon pea, cowpea and pea).

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) transgenics expressing Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF under nethouse containment implicated an effective control against herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

Assessment of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) transgenics expressing Bt ICPs, Cry2Aa and Cry1AcF under nethouse containment implicated an effective control against herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

In-Vitro Evaluation of Bio-control Agents against Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta Blight of Chickpea

Distinguishing Proof and Utilization of Resistance of Insect Pests in Grain Legumes: Progress and Limitations

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