Breast milk: To each his own. From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants

Perrone, Serafina; Longini, Mariangela; Zollino, I; Bazzini, Francesco; Tassini, Maria; Vivi, Antonio; Bracciali, Carlotta; Calderisi, Marco; Buonocore, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.12.015

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Therefore, children who are breastfed have better health outcomes in comparison with formula-fed infants [10]. Formula-fed babies have different nutritional status, gut microbiota and growth patterns that may contribute to higher risk of later diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases [11]. However, if breastfeeding is precluded, the introduction of commercial formula milk to a newborn's diet constitutes the best alternative to fulfill the nutritional requirements of infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Reveals Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in the Composition of Human Breast Milk and Milk Formulas

et al. 2020

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Commercial formula milk (FM) constitutes the best alternative to fulfill the nutritional requirements of infants when breastfeeding is precluded. Here, we present the comparative study of polar metabolite composition of human breast milk (HBM) and seven different brands of FM by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results of the multivariate data analysis exposed qualitative and quantitative differences between HBM and FM composition as well as within FM of various brands and in HBM itself (between individual mothers and lactation period). Several metabolites were found exclusively in HBM and FM. Statistically significant higher levels of isoleucine and methionine in their free form were detected in FM samples based on caprine milk, while FM samples based on bovine milk showed a higher level of glucose and galactose in comparison to HBM. The results suggest that the amelioration of FM formulation is imperative to better mimic the composition of minor nutrients in HBM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complete reproduction of HBM composition is not possible due to the dynamic composition of HBM. Although the HBM composition is used as a basic benchmark for designing milk formula compositions, huge differences persist between infant formulas and HBM [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Reveals Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in the Composition of Human Breast Milk and Milk Formulas

et al. 2020

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“…HM contains different contributions of lipid species within specific classes of lipids than FM and contains a higher content of many biologically important lipids than FM, such as ether analogues of glycerophosphoethanolamines. Detailed knowledge about changes in the lipid composition of HM and FM, including a long-term perspective, is required to investigate the impact of lipid components on child health and development and to move from standardised nutritional protocols to tailored, individualised nutrition in infants [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have shown that human milk metabolite composition differs significantly from the composition of milk formula due to the dynamic nature of HM and unique chemical structure of HM lipids [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Milk is species-specific, and its composition is dynamic along with lactation in terms of nutritive value and bioactive compounds [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas

et al. 2020

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In this report, we present a detailed comparison of the lipid composition of human milk (HM) and formula milk (FM) targeting different lactation stages and infant age range. We studied HM samples collected from 26 Polish mothers from colostrum to 19 months of lactation, along with FM from seven brands available on the Polish market (infant formula, follow-on formula and growing-up formula). Lipid extracts were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–Q-TOF–MS). We found that the lipid composition of FM deviates significantly from the HM lipid profile in terms of qualitative and quantitative differences. FM had contrasting lipid profiles mostly across brands and accordingly to the type of fat added but not specific to the target age range. The individual differences were dominant in HM; however, differences according to the lactation stage were also observed, especially between colostrum and HM collected in other lactation stages. Biologically and nutritionally important lipids, such as long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) containing lipid species, sphingomyelines or ether analogues of glycerophosphoethanoloamines were detected in HM collected in all studied lactation stages. The observed differences concerned all the major HM lipid classes and highlight the importance of the detailed compositional studies of both HM and FM.

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“…Strong α‐ and β‐galactosidase and α‐glucosidase functions indicate an ability to metabolize lactose and sugars, which is a sought after trait for yoghurt manufacturing [68]. Lactose is especially abundant in human milk [69] and its breakdown can increase dairy intake in populations where lactose intolerance is high. The absence of harmful enzymes such as β-glucuronidase or β-glucosidase, which cause carcinogen formation [70], renders strains safer for human consumption [71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus commensals autochthonous to human milk have the hallmarks of potent probiotics

et al. 2020

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Maternal milk is an important source of essential nutrients for the optimal growth of infants. Breastfeeding provides a continuous supply of beneficial bacteria to colonize the infant gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and offers health benefits for disease prevention and immunity. The purpose of this study was to isolate novel probiotic strains from the breast milk of native Pakistani mothers and to evaluate their probiotic potential. We isolated 21 strains of bacteria from the colostrum and mature milk of 20 healthy mothers, who had vaginal deliveries and were not taking antibiotics. After phenotypic and genotypic characterization, these isolates were tested for survival in the GIT using in vitro acid and bile tests. Nine strains showing good acid tolerance were assessed for their growth rate, bile resistance and ability to hydrolyze bile salts. Out of the four Lactobacillus isolates adjudged to be most promising as probiotics, three were Lactobacillus fermentum strains and one was a strain of Lactobacillus oris . This study demonstrates that human milk is a viable source of commensal bacteria beneficial to both adults and babies.

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Breast milk: To each his own. From metabolomic study, evidence of personalized nutrition in preterm infants

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Reveals Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in the Composition of Human Breast Milk and Milk Formulas

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics Reveals Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in the Composition of Human Breast Milk and Milk Formulas

Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas

Lactobacillus commensals autochthonous to human milk have the hallmarks of potent probiotics

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