Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas

Hewelt-Belka, Weronika; Garwolińska, Dorota; Młynarczyk, Michał; Kot‐Wasik, Agata

doi:10.3390/nu12072165

Cited by 41 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Several earlier infant formula TG composition studies have been examined, and none of them reported more than 100 TG species. 17 − 22 Our study, by contrast, identified at least 200 TG species in each infant formula tested, which possibly makes it the most complex infant formula TG profile presented in the literature to date. Both our bovine milk and infant formula TG profiles resemble earlier reports in several aspects, which again confirms the performance of TAILOR-MS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

TAILOR-MS, a Python Package that Deciphers Complex Triacylglycerol Fatty Acyl Structures: Applications for Bovine Milk and Infant Formulas

Peng

Salim²,

Pelle³

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and other mass spectrometric technologies have been widely applied for triacylglycerol profiling. One challenge for targeted identification of fatty acyl moieties that constitute triacylglycerol species in biological samples is the numerous combinations of 3 fatty acyl groups that can form a triacylglycerol molecule. Manual determination of triacylglycerol structures based on peak intensities and retention time can be highly inefficient and error-prone. To resolve this, we have developed TAILOR-MS, a Python (programming language) package that aims at assisting: (1) the generation of targeted LC/MS methods for triacylglycerol detection and (2) automating triacylglycerol structural determination and prediction. To assess the performance of TAILOR-MS, we conducted LC/MS triacylglycerol profiling of bovine milk and two infant formulas. Our results confirmed dissimilarities between bovine milk and infant formula triacylglycerol composition. Furthermore, we identified 247 triacylglycerol species and predicted the possible existence of another 317 in the bovine milk sample, representing one of the most comprehensive reports on the triacylglycerol composition of bovine milk thus far. Likewise, we presented here a complete infant formula triacylglycerol profile and reported >200 triacylglycerol species. TAILOR-MS dramatically shortened the time required for triacylglycerol structural identification from hours to seconds and performed decent structural predictions in the absence of some triacylglycerol constituent peaks. Taken together, TAILOR-MS is a valuable tool that can greatly save time and improve accuracy for targeted LC/MS triacylglycerol profiling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

TAILOR-MS, a Python Package that Deciphers Complex Triacylglycerol Fatty Acyl Structures: Applications for Bovine Milk and Infant Formulas

Peng

Salim²,

Pelle³

et al. 2021

Anal. Chem.

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“…Moreover, the high volume of produced milk may lead to the dilution of AKGs in cattle milk; alternatively, the presence of AKG-degrading enzymes in cattle milk might explain their absence. As infant formula is more often than not cattle milk-based, AKGs are lacking from infant formulas [142].…”

Section: Breast Milk Signals Are Necessary For Mitochondrial Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Evolution of Breast Milk Lipid Signaling and Thermogenic Adipose Tissue

Röszer

2021

Biomolecules

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Breastfeeding is a unique and defining behavior of mammals and has a fundamental role in nourishing offspring by supplying a lipid-rich product that is utilized to generate heat and metabolic fuel. Heat generation from lipids is a feature of newborn mammals and is mediated by the uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration in specific fat depots. Breastfeeding and thermogenic adipose tissue have a shared evolutionary history: both have evolved in the course of homeothermy evolution; breastfeeding mammals are termed “thermolipials”, meaning “animals with warm fat”. Beyond its heat-producing capacity, thermogenic adipose tissue is also necessary for proper lipid metabolism and determines adiposity in offspring. Recent advances have demonstrated that lipid metabolism in infants is orchestrated by breast milk lipid signals, which establish mother-to-child signaling and control metabolic development in the infant. Breastfeeding rates are declining worldwide, and are paralleled by an alarming increase in childhood obesity, which at least in part may have its roots in the impaired metabolic control by breast milk lipid signals.

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“…Lipids included in the database were identified by comparing the mass accuracy of potential lipids against the custom database (Δ5ppm tolerance) and manual interpretation of the obtained MS/MS spectra of HM samples. 3 Details regarding feature extraction, data alignment, and filtration are included in the Supporting Information . Only molecular features (MFs) that fulfilled the criteria of frequency (MFs detected in all samples that were stored under the specified conditions) and MF’s volume %RSD (<30%) in all analyzed QC samples (3 extraction replicates) were included in further statistical and chemometric analysis.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This corresponds also to the HM lipidome studies, when the HM lipid composition is monitored to reveal changes in the course of lactation, between individual mothers or as a response to diet. 1 − 3 However, the detected variation may originate not from inter- or intra-individual differences (e.g., determined by maternal diet) but from quality assurance failure in the lipidomic study. This can lead to erroneous biological interpretations and false conclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Storage on Human Milk Lipidome Stability for Lipidomic Studies

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Human milk (HM) lipidome stability during storage is crucial in lipidomic studies to avoid misinterpretations. Facing the lack of comprehensive work on the HM lipidome stability, we performed a study on a potential alteration in the lipid profiles of HM samples stored under different conditions. An untargeted LC-Q-TOF-MS-based approach was applied to study the influence of storage conditions as well as the interaction of the storage temperature and time on HM lipid profiles. The samples were stored for 4–84 days at temperatures in the range from 4 to −80 °C and also were exposed to up to three freeze–thaw cycles. The results showed that the storage at 4 °C for just 4 days as well as being subjected to three freeze–thaw cycles can lead to a change in the content of lipids. The observed differences in levels of some lipid species in samples stored at −20 °C in comparison to the concentration level of those lipids in samples stored at −80 °C were not statistically significant, and inter-individual variance regardless of sample storage condition was maintained. The storage of HM samples at −20 °C for up to 3 weeks and −80 °C for up to 12 weeks ensures sample lipidome stability.

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Comparative Lipidomic Study of Human Milk from Different Lactation Stages and Milk Formulas

Cited by 41 publications

References 54 publications

TAILOR-MS, a Python Package that Deciphers Complex Triacylglycerol Fatty Acyl Structures: Applications for Bovine Milk and Infant Formulas

TAILOR-MS, a Python Package that Deciphers Complex Triacylglycerol Fatty Acyl Structures: Applications for Bovine Milk and Infant Formulas

Co-Evolution of Breast Milk Lipid Signaling and Thermogenic Adipose Tissue

The Influence of Storage on Human Milk Lipidome Stability for Lipidomic Studies

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