Breaking script: Deviations and postevent information in adult memory for a repeated event

MacLean, Carla L.; Coburn, Patricia I.; Chong, Kristin; Connolly, Deborah A.

doi:10.1002/acp.3421

Cited by 23 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…There are, however, distinct advantages of the eyewitness paradigm that has been adapted for adult samples. The use of videos of a forensic event, or descriptions of abuse are clearly higher in external validity than the play sessions typically used in child samples (e.g., Connolly et al, 2016) or the healthy lifestyle or tasting session that have been used (MacLean et al, 2018) when the child paradigm has been adapted for adults. A primary difference between these two methodologies is the emotional valence of the stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one prior study has adapted the child paradigm to examine adult repeated‐event memory (MacLean, Coburn, Chong, & Connolly, 2018). Participants experienced five food tasting sessions in which details varied predictably across sessions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Price et al (2006) found that child participants made more internal intrusions, and reported fewer correct details when the spacing between episodes was short (four sessions within the same day) compared to when episodes had longer intervals between them (four sessions spaced over 4 days). An additional limitation of MacLean et al (2018) is the absence of a single‐event control condition, which prevents a comparison to child‐based experiments that typically include a single‐event comparison group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adults also have difficulty recalling one instance of a repeated event

Deck

Paterson

2020

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Some forms of abuse, such as domestic violence, tend to occur repeatedly. Although memory for repeated events has received considerable empirical attention, most of this research has used a child sample. Experiments that have examined adult repeatedevent memory tend to use vastly different methodological paradigms to that used for children. To investigate whether the same pattern of findings emerge with young adults, we adapted the methodological paradigm used in child repeated-event experiments. In this experiment, 41 undergraduate students experienced one, or multiple similar events. All participants were then interviewed about the same event. Participants who had experienced a single-event were more likely to report correct details than those who had experienced a repeated event. Repeated-event participants were more likely to report general details. These results have implications for the methodological paradigm which is used to examine adult memory for a recurring event.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adults also have difficulty recalling one instance of a repeated event

Deck

Paterson

2020

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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“…(We will see exceptions to this in the study of child development.) However, recent evidence suggests that event knowledge can be acquired from a few experiences (MacLean et al 2018). In this study, participants tasted various foods in the laboratory, with a different experimenter conducting each tasting.…”

Section: Event Memory Like Perception Is Heavily Informed By Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Event Perception and Memory

Zacks

2020

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

194

210

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Events make up much of our lived experience, and the perceptual mechanisms that represent events in experience have pervasive effects on action control, language use, and remembering. Event representations in both perception and memory have rich internal structure and connections one to another, and both are heavily informed by knowledge accumulated from previous experiences. Event perception and memory have been identified with specific computational and neural mechanisms, which show protracted development in childhood and are affected by language use, expertise, and brain disorders and injuries. Current theoretical approaches focus on the mechanisms by which events are segmented from ongoing experience, and emphasize the common coding of events for perception, action, and memory. Abetted by developments in eye-tracking, neuroimaging, and computer science, research on event perception and memory is moving from small-scale laboratory analogs to the complexity of events in the wild.

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“…In general, schemata facilitate memory for what typically happened but are less helpful when the task is to recall details that varied across instances (e.g., Farrar & Goodman, 1992; Fivush, 1984; Freeman, Romney, & Freeman, 1987; McNichol, Shute, & Tucker, 1999; Neisser, 1981; Woiwod, Fitzgerald, Sheahan, Price, & Connolly, 2019). There is an exception to the latter principle, however, when changes in details are so unexpected as to be perceived as outright deviations, in which case these deviations are remembered well (Brubacher, Glisic, Roberts, & Powell, 2011; Connolly, Gordon, Woiwod, & Price, 2016; Greve, Cooper, Tibon & Henson, 2019; MacLean, Coburn, Chong, & Connolly, 2018).…”

Section: Conventionalization and Unfamiliar Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Schema and deviation effects in remembering repeated unfamiliar stories

Rubínová

Blank

Koppel

et al. 2020

British J of Psychology

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In today's globalized world, we frequently encounter unfamiliar events that we may have difficulty comprehending – and in turn remembering – due to a lack of appropriate schemata. This research investigated schema effects in a situation where participants established a complex new schema for an unfamiliar type of story through exposure to four variations. We found that immediate recall increased across subsequent stories and that distortions occurred less frequently – participants built on the emerging schema and gradually established representations of parts of the story that were initially transformed. In recall with delays increasing up to 1 month, quantitative measures indicated forgetting while distortions increased. The second focus of this research was on content and order deviation effects on recall. The content deviation, in contrast with previous repeated‐event research, was not remembered well and was associated with lower recall; the order deviation had a similar (but expected) effect. We discuss discrepancies between results of this study and previous literature, which had focused on schemata for familiar events, in relation to stages of schema development: it seems that in unfamiliar repeated events, a complex new schema is in the early stages of formation, where the lack of attentional resources limits active processing of deviations.

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Breaking script: Deviations and postevent information in adult memory for a repeated event

Cited by 23 publications

References 38 publications

Adults also have difficulty recalling one instance of a repeated event

Adults also have difficulty recalling one instance of a repeated event

Event Perception and Memory

Schema and deviation effects in remembering repeated unfamiliar stories

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