Breakage of carbon nanotube agglomerates within polypropylene matrix by solid phase die drawing

Lin, Xiang; Gong, Min; Innes, James; Spencer, Paul E.; Coates, Phil; Korde, Sachin

doi:10.1002/app.49742

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Under the conditions of being well dispersed, in molten state a long particles more effectively affects the flow behavior of the polymeric matrix and actively contributes in relaxation mechanisms. This claim is supported by the work reported by Lin et al 41…”

Section: Rheological Propertiessupporting

confidence: 86%

Hybrid multiwalled‐carbon nanotube/nanosilica/polypropylene nanocomposites: Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties

2023

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Polymer composite are very interesting materials in automotive industry. Nanocomposites play a crucial role in the automotive parts and cars weight reduction fields. Hybridization of polymer nanocomposites is appeared as a process of choice in obtaining the required property/weight ration. Simple and hybrid nanocomposites of polypropylene (PP) blend with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) having different aspect ratios and nanosilica at different nanosilica contents were prepared in molten state in an internal mixer. Scanning electron microscopic images along with rheological and tensile properties revealed that only 0.2 wt% CNT is high enough to finely disperse nanosilica particles in PP matrix in the absence of any chemical compatibilizer. Differential scanning calorimetric thermograms showed that none of nanoparticles has any effect on crystallinity of PP. Mechanical characterizations showed that hybrid composites are superior to PP‐S3 composite. Due to its more intensive hydrodynamic motions it was also observed that the longer CNT showed a higher ability to disintegrate nanosilica particles aggregates. Transmission electron microscopic images well portrayed the nanosilica particles in the vicinity of CNTs' surfaces which accounts for electrostatic adsorption of fine nanosilica particles. At such a low CNT content (say 0.2 wt%) in the absence of any chemical compatibilizer, elongation at break of the tensiled nanocomposites raised from 13.23% to 35.41% and fracture energy was mounted from 1253 to 2750 J. This divulges the effectiveness of CNTs to disperse nanosilica in PP matrix but a poor adhesion between the particles and PP matrix is an overwhelming drawback yet. Under these conditions a maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐g‐MA) was added to the composite in molten state. The tensile strength of these chemically compatibilized nanocomposites increased with respect of that of their counterpart physically mixed nanocomposites. For example, in the presence of this chemical compatibilizer, the tensile strength of PP‐S3 nanocomposite raised from 21 to 28 MPa.

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Section: Rheological Propertiessupporting

confidence: 86%

Hybrid multiwalled‐carbon nanotube/nanosilica/polypropylene nanocomposites: Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties

2023

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“…The molecular chains are disentangled and stretched to generate and sustain highperformance crystal structures, such as microfibers and shish-kebab, by adjusting the processing conditions and procedures. [12][13][14][15] Die drawing is an efficient approach to achieve a high degree of polymer aggregation structure arrangement. It is the process of passing the sample through a converging die under tensile force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO₃ composites by die drawing: Effect of drawing ratios

Liu

Chen

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Constructing polyolefin composites with both light‐weight and high‐strength is of significant importance in practical applications. Here, light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO3 composites are tactfully achieved via die drawing with a self‐designed experimental apparatus. The effects of drawing ratios on crystalline structure, thermal behavior, morphology, and mechanical behavior of the drawn composites are investigated. Detailed experimental characterizations demonstrate that die drawing can considerably enhance the mechanical characteristics of PP/CaCO3 composites through regulating the crystallinity and orientation of the molecular chains. Besides, voids are generated and elongated through die drawing, leading to the decrease of density. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of the prepared samples can reach up to 142.5 MPa, 81.3 MPa, and 8.2 GPa, respectively, and the density is 0.91 g/cm3. The present work provides an effective and universal strategy for preparing light‐weight and high‐strength polyolefin composites.

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“…This ratio was calculated in percentage. For each slice, the agglomerate area ratio of the nanocomposites was evaluated according to the following Equation (1) [ 44 , 45 ],

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance PEEK/MWCNT Nanocomposites: Combining Enhanced Electrical Conductivity and Nanotube Dispersion

Silva,

Barbosa,

Sousa

et al. 2024

Polymers

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High-performance engineering thermoplastics offer lightweight and excellent mechanical performance in a wide temperature range. Their composites with carbon nanotubes are expected to enhance mechanical performance, while providing thermal and electrical conductivity. These are interesting attributes that may endow additional functionalities to the nanocomposites. The present work investigates the optimal conditions to prepare polyether ether ketone (PEEK)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites, minimizing the MWCNT agglomerate size while maximizing the nanocomposite electrical conductivity. The aim is to achieve PEEK/MWCNT nanocomposites that are suitable for melt-spinning of electrically conductive multifilament’s. Nanocomposites were prepared with compositions ranging from 0.5 to 7 wt.% MWCNT, showing an electrical percolation threshold between 1 and 2 wt.% MWCNT (107–102 S/cm) and a rheological percolation in the same range (1 to 2 wt.% MWCNT), confirming the formation of an MWCNT network in the nanocomposite. Considering the large drop in electrical conductivity typically observed during melt-spinning and the drawing of filaments, the composition PEEK/5 wt.% MWCNT was selected for further investigation. The effect of the melt extrusion parameters, namely screw speed, temperature, and throughput, was studied by evaluating the morphology of MWCNT agglomerates, the nanocomposite rheology, and electrical properties. It was observed that the combination of the higher values of screw speed and temperature profile leads to the smaller number of MWCNT agglomerates with smaller size, albeit at a slightly lower electrical conductivity. Generally, all processing conditions tested yielded nanocomposites with electrical conductivity in the range of 0.50–0.85 S/cm. The nanocomposite processed at higher temperature and screw speed presented the lowest value of elastic modulus, perhaps owing to higher matrix degradation and lower connectivity between the agglomerates. From all the process parameters studied, the screw speed was identified to have the higher impact on nanocomposite properties.

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Breakage of carbon nanotube agglomerates within polypropylene matrix by solid phase die drawing

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Hybrid multiwalled‐carbon nanotube/nanosilica/polypropylene nanocomposites: Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties

Hybrid multiwalled‐carbon nanotube/nanosilica/polypropylene nanocomposites: Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties

Light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO₃ composites by die drawing: Effect of drawing ratios

High-Performance PEEK/MWCNT Nanocomposites: Combining Enhanced Electrical Conductivity and Nanotube Dispersion

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Breakage of carbon nanotube agglomerates within polypropylene matrix by solid phase die drawing

Cited by 4 publications

References 58 publications

Hybrid multiwalled‐carbon nanotube/nanosilica/polypropylene nanocomposites: Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties

Hybrid multiwalled‐carbon nanotube/nanosilica/polypropylene nanocomposites: Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties

Light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO3 composites by die drawing: Effect of drawing ratios

High-Performance PEEK/MWCNT Nanocomposites: Combining Enhanced Electrical Conductivity and Nanotube Dispersion

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About

Light‐weight and high‐strength PP/CaCO₃ composites by die drawing: Effect of drawing ratios