Brazilian Consensus for the Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors in Dogs

Abstract

Mast cell tumors represent the most common malignant skin tumor in the dog. This review outlines the incidence, etiology and clinical signs of mast cell tumors. Diagnostic tests, staging and treatments are also discussed.

Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

“…Occasionally, dog’s refractory to antihistamine therapy may benefit from the use of proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, at a dose of 0.5–1 mg per kg, BID–SID), as they also inhibit gastric acid production, but via a proton bomb effect. In cases where there is evidence of active gastrointestinal ulceration, sucralfate can be added to the protocol, at a dose of 0.5–1 g BID [ 14 , 132 ]. H1 inhibitors (diphenhydramine, at a dose of 2–4 mg/kg BID) are indicated to minimize the adverse effects of histamine release on the peripheral vasculature and wound healing, as well as for the treatment of erythema, edema, and pain locations [ 67 ].…”

“…The 1st Brazilian consensus meeting on canine MCTs occurred in 2012, and the results were reported by Nardi et al in 2018 [ 14 ]. The present review is the result of the 2nd Consensus Meeting on the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors organized by the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology (ABROVET) in August 2021.…”

“…Several epidemiological studies from many countries point out that mast cell tumors (MCTs) have a high frequency in dogs, and is thus important in veterinary oncology. In dogs, it is the third most common tumor subtype, and is the most common malignant skin tumor, accounting for 11% of skin cancer cases [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Access to up-to-date information about diagnostic techniques, treatment, and prognosis is extremely important to ensure an optimized approach and improve the outcomes for the patient.…”

Ampliação De Margens Em Cão Com Mastocitoma Cutâneo - Relato De Caso

“…O tratamento para o mastocitoma normalmente é cirúrgico, no entanto, também são utilizadas outras opções terapêuticas de acordo com o quadro clínico e o diagnóstico do paciente, como a radioterapia, inibidores da tirosina quinase, imunoterapia e quimioterapia (KIUPEL, 2016). Para a remoção cirúrgica do tumor, é necessária a delimitação das margens, o indicado para as margens laterais é de 3 a 5 cm e no mínimo um plano profundo não comprometido, permitindo assim a exérese com maior segurança (OGILVIE, 2006;PRADO et al, 2012;DE NARDI et al, 2018). Juntamente, preconiza-se a remoção dos linfonodos sentinelas (DALECK et al, 2016, DE NARDI et al, 2018.…”

“…Para a remoção cirúrgica do tumor, é necessária a delimitação das margens, o indicado para as margens laterais é de 3 a 5 cm e no mínimo um plano profundo não comprometido, permitindo assim a exérese com maior segurança (OGILVIE, 2006;PRADO et al, 2012;DE NARDI et al, 2018). Juntamente, preconiza-se a remoção dos linfonodos sentinelas (DALECK et al, 2016, DE NARDI et al, 2018. A análise histopatológica da neoplasia, suas margens e linfonodos sentinelas é fundamental para estabelecer o prognóstico do paciente oncológico, bem como para determinação da necessidade de tratamentos adjuvantes, pois sabe-se que os mastócitos neoplásicos podem se espalhar além da margem do tumor visível (LONDON;SEGUIN, 2003;SIMPSON et al, 2004;SELMIC;RUPLE, 2020).…”