Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Nardi, Andrígo Barboza De; Horta, Rodrigo dos Santos; Fonseca-Alves, Carlos Eduardo; Paiva, Felipe Noleto de; Linhares, Laís Calazans Menescal; Firmo, Bruna Fernanda; Sueiro, Felipe Augusto Ruiz; Oliveira, Krishna Düro de; Lourenço, Sílvia Vanessa; Strefezzi, Ricardo de Francisco; Brunner, C; Rangel, Marcelo Monte Mór; Jark, Paulo César; Castro, Jorge Luiz Costa; Ubukata, Rodrigo; Batschinski, Karen; Sobral, Renata Afonso; Cruz, Natália Oyafuso da; Nishiya, Adriana Tomoko; Fernandes, Simone; Cunha, Simone Carvalho dos Santos; Gerardi, Daniel Guimarães; Challoub, Guilherme Sellera Godoy; Biondi, Luiz Roberto; Amorim, Renée Laufer; Paes, Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira; Lavalle, Gleidice Eunice; Huppes, Rafael Ricardo; Grandi, Fabrizio; Vasconcellos, Carmen Helena de Carvalho; Anjos, Denner Santos dos; Luzo, Ângela Cristina Malheiros; Matera, Júlia Maria; Vozdová, Miluše; Dagli, M.L.

doi:10.3390/cells11040618

Cited by 31 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 234 publications

(465 reference statements)

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“…MCTs are the most common cause of splenic disease in cats and frequently involve multiple other viscera and bone marrow, whereas gastrointestinal MCTs are rare (accounting for just 4% of all intestinal neoplasms in cats [ 92 ]). Although the clinical and histological features of MCTs are well described, the biological behaviour of these tumours is still an issue that is poorly understood ( Figure 5 ), especially compared to dogs, which have well-established grading schemes with correlations to clinical outcomes available for cutaneous and subcutaneous MCTs [ 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 ]. Whilst many feline cutaneous MCTs may be benign, some can recur and/or spread to distant sites within months after excision [ 97 ].…”

Section: Mast Cell Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Oncogenomics: What Do We Know about the Genetics of Cancer in Domestic Cats?

Ludwig

Dobromylskyj²,

Wood

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in domestic cats. In humans, an understanding of the oncogenome of different cancer types has proven critical and is deeply interwoven into all aspects of patient care, including diagnostics, prognostics and treatments through the application of targeted therapies. Investigations into understanding the genetics of feline cancers started with cytogenetics and was then expanded to studies at a gene-specific level, looking for mutations and expression level changes of genes that are commonly mutated in human cancers. Methylation studies have also been performed and together with a recently generated high-quality reference genome for cats, next-generation sequencing studies are starting to deliver results. This review summarises what is currently known of the genetics of both common and rare cancer types in cats, including lymphomas, mammary tumours, squamous cell carcinomas, soft tissue tumours, mast cell tumours, haemangiosarcomas, pulmonary carcinomas, pancreatic carcinomas and osteosarcomas. Shining a spotlight on our current understanding of the feline oncogenome will hopefully serve as a springboard for more much-needed research into the genetics of cancer in domestic cats.

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Section: Mast Cell Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Oncogenomics: What Do We Know about the Genetics of Cancer in Domestic Cats?

Ludwig

Dobromylskyj²,

Wood

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are the most common skin tumor affecting dogs, and the tumor grade is the most consistent and clinically relevant prognostic factor [1][2][3][4]. There are two MCT grading systems: the Patnaik system and the Kiupel system [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tumor Grade and Proliferation Indices before and after Short-Course Anti-Inflammatory Prednisone Therapy in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors: A Pilot Study

Klahn

Dervisis

Lahmers

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Glucocorticoid administration is a common clinical practice that attempts to decrease the inflammation associated with and improve the resectability of canine mast cell tumors (MCTs). However, the impact of neoadjuvant glucocorticoids on the histological features and proliferation indices of canine MCTs is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in tumor grade, mitotic count, Ki67, AgNOR, and AgNORxKi67 scores following short-course anti-inflammatory neoadjuvant prednisone in canine patients with MCTs. This was a prospective single-arm pilot study. Client-owned dogs with treatment-naïve cytologically confirmed MCTs were enrolled. Patients underwent an initial incisional biopsy followed by a 10–14-day course of anti-inflammatory prednisone and surgical resection. All histological samples were randomized, masked, and evaluated by a single pathologist. Unstained paired pre- and post-treatment samples were submitted to a commercial laboratory for Ki67 and AgNOR immunohistochemical analysis. There were 11 dogs enrolled with 11 tumors. There were no statistical differences between the pre- and post-treatment histological parameters of mitotic index, Ki67, AgNOR, or Ki67xAgNOR. There were no clinically significant alterations between pre-treatment and post-treatment in the assignment of tumor grades. A short course of anti-inflammatory prednisone does not appear to alter the histological parameters that affect grade determination or significantly alter the proliferation indices in canine MCTs.

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“…Canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) are a common neoplasm primarily of the skin, and while most dogs are diagnosed with a single discrete lesion, closer inspection may reveal the presence of other local or distant lesions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Widely cited historical studies from the 1950s and 1960s suggest msMCTs have an occurrence rate between 11 and 14% in a total presenting population of just less than 400 MCT patients (12, 15-18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Widely cited historical studies from the 1950s and 1960s suggest msMCTs have an occurrence rate between 11 and 14% in a total presenting population of just less than 400 MCT patients (12, 15-18). Patients with msMCTs most commonly present with de novo lesions, but each lesion may be of any grade and has the manifestation of local or distant invasion (Box 1) (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The standard of care for patients presenting with msMCTs is to assess the grade of each lesion independently and stage the patient appropriately (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with msMCTs most commonly present with de novo lesions, but each lesion may be of any grade and has the manifestation of local or distant invasion (Box 1) (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The standard of care for patients presenting with msMCTs is to assess the grade of each lesion independently and stage the patient appropriately (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(19)(20)(21). Where no evidence of metastasis or lymphatic spread is detected, most MCTs are effectively controlled with local therapy (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of multiple synchronous canine mast cell tumours using intratumoural tigilanol tiglate

Brown¹,

Finlay

Straw

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common canine skin neoplasia. While they generally occur as single tumours, multiple synchronous MCTs (msMCTs) of de novo/non-metastatic origin are reported in a proportion of the patient population. Where there is no evidence of metastasis or lymphatic spread, MCTs are effectively controlled by surgery and other local therapies. However, treatment of de novo msMCTs can be more challenging, especially when they occur in surgically difficult locations. Here, we report the use of tigilanol tiglate, a novel small molecule registered as a veterinary pharmaceutical for the local treatment of non-metastatic MCTs, in the treatment of patients with msMCTs presenting at three Australian specialist referral centres. We also present a meta-analysis of the literature to provide a better understanding of the prevalence of canine msMCTs. Notably, nine patients with a total of 32 MCTs were treated during the study. A complete response was recorded in 26 (81%) of the individual MCTs on Day 28 after a single tigilanol tiglate injection. Of the 6 initially non-responsive MCTs, one achieved a complete response after a further tigilanol tiglate treatment. A complete response was reported at 6 months in all 22 of the tumours that were evaluable and that had recorded a complete response at Day 84. For the literature meta-analysis, 22 studies were found with prevalence estimates of msMCTs ranging from 3 to 40%; when combined, these studies yielded 3,745 patients with a prevalence of 13% (95% CI 10; 16). Overall, the results demonstrate the utility of intratumoural tigilanol tiglate as an option for the treatment of multiple MCTs where multiple surgical resections would have been required.

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Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors

Cited by 31 publications

References 234 publications

Feline Oncogenomics: What Do We Know about the Genetics of Cancer in Domestic Cats?

Feline Oncogenomics: What Do We Know about the Genetics of Cancer in Domestic Cats?

Evaluation of Tumor Grade and Proliferation Indices before and after Short-Course Anti-Inflammatory Prednisone Therapy in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors: A Pilot Study

Treatment of multiple synchronous canine mast cell tumours using intratumoural tigilanol tiglate

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