Brazilian berry extract (Myrciaria jaboticaba): A promising therapy to minimize prostatic inflammation and oxidative stress

Abstract

BackgroundBrazilian berry is a fruit popularly known as “Jaboticaba,” rich in bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Senescence and overweight are increasing worldwide and are considered risk factors to prostatic pathogenesis mainly due to oxidative and inflammatory processes induction. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of two increasing doses of the patented jaboticaba peel extract (PJE) on oxidative‐stress and inflammation in the prostate of aging or high‐fat‐fed aging mice.MethodsPJE and/or high‐fat diet (HFD) treatments started with 11‐month‐old mice and lasted 60 days. The levels or the immunoexpression of different inflammatory (nuclear factor κB [NFκB], CD3+, cyclooxygenase 2 [COX‐2], toll‐like receptor 4 [TLR4], phosphorylated signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 [pSTAT‐3], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF‐α], interleukin 6 [IL‐6], and IL‐1β) and oxidative‐stress (catalase, superoxide dismutase 2 [SOD2], glutathione reductase [GSR], reduced glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase 3 [GPx3]) related molecules were analyzed by western‐blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.ResultsBoth PJE doses reduced the levels of oxidative‐stress‐related molecules (GPx3, GSR, catalase), lipid peroxidation (4‐hydroxynonenal), inflammatory mediators (COX‐2, TNF‐α, and pSTAT‐3) and CD3+ T cells number, which were associated with the maintenance of the glandular morphological integrity in aging and HFD‐fed‐aging mice. Nevertheless, only the high PJE dose reduced the NFκB and TLR4 levels in aging mice; and SOD2, IL‐6, and IL‐1β levels in HFD‐aging mice. Aging itself promoted an oxidative inflammation in the prostate, interfering in the levels of the different oxidative‐stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory mediators evaluated, in association with high incidence of prostate epithelial and stromal damages. The HFD intake intensified aging alterations, showing an unfavorable prostatic microenvironment prone to oxidative and inflammatory damages.ConclusionsPJE exerted a dose‐dependent effect controlling inflammation and oxidative‐stress in aging and HFD‐fed aging mice prostate. This fact contributed to prostate microenvironment balance recovery, preserving the tissue architecture of this gland. Thus, the PJE emerges as a potential therapy to prevent inflammation and oxidative stress in the prostate.

Brazilian Berry Extract Chemopreventive Action: Hormone Receptors as a Target to Mitigate Aging Prostatic Disorders.

“…Other functional properties have been described regarding the jaboticaba bioactive compounds that are involved in its protective effect of the prostate, such as its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity [18,29,30]. Their antioxidant mechanism in the prostate involves the modulation of endogenous antioxidant machinery, downregulating the catalase and SOD2 levels and increasing the GPx3 levels [18]. The authors verified that the antioxidant properties further led to the downregulation of NFkB signaling pathway, which is mainly activated by oxygen reactive species [18].…”

“…Studies have pointed that diet or eating habits are associated with the etiology of prostate disorders [11,[17][18][19]. High adiposity levels have been related to changes in serum levels of different hormones, such as testosterone, estrogen and insulin; which are linked directly or indirectly to the development of prostate cancer [17,20,21].…”

“…According to these authors, a high dose of jaboticaba peel extract downregulated the AR level which was associated with low aromatase and low ERα levels, besides reducing the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level, possibly limiting the nutrient supply for cell proliferation. Other functional properties have been described regarding the jaboticaba bioactive compounds that are involved in its protective effect of the prostate, such as its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity [18,29,30]. Their antioxidant mechanism in the prostate involves the modulation of endogenous antioxidant machinery, downregulating the catalase and SOD2 levels and increasing the GPx3 levels [18].…”

The Promising Therapeutic and Preventive Properties of Anthocyanidins/Anthocyanins on Prostate Cancer

“…Nevertheless, merely the high PJE dose ameliorated the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) contents in aging mice, and IL-1β, SOD2, and IL-6 levels in HFD-aging mice. Authors stressed that PJE had a dose-dependent impact on regulating oxidative-stress and inflammation in HFD-fed aging and aging mice prostate [ 90 ].…”

Brazilian Berry Extract Differentially Induces Inflammatory and Immune Responses in Androgen Dependent and Independent Prostate Cancer Cells

“…Our group demonstrated that jaboticaba peel extract (JPE) was able to prevent hepatic damages and metabolic disorders, particularly, associated with overweight and aging [ 3 ]. In addition to these findings, for the first time, we identified that JPE administration in senile mice also prevented prostate damages caused by aging and high-fat diet consumption, mostly by anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-angiogenic mechanisms and recovery of hormonal balance [ 4 , 5 ]. However, the action mechanisms related to JPE in the prostatic microenvironment and its targets in the cell are still unclear.…”