Brazil's neglected biome: The South Brazilian Campos

Overbeck, Gerhard Ernst; Müller, Sandra Cristina; Fidelis, Alessandra; Pfadenhauer, Jörg; Pillar, Valério D.; Blanco, Carolina Casagrande; Boldrini, Ilsi Iob; Both, Rogério; Forneck, Eduardo Dias

doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2007.07.005

Cited by 632 publications

(630 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Segundo Boldrini et al (2010). Os tipos de vegetação, solos e a própria riqueza de condições geológicas e geomorfológicas, aspectos hidrológicos e a ordem climática tornam o bioma Pampa um território heterogêneo, onde as áreas menos degradadas estão distribuídas em mosaicos, nos locais de topografia acentuada e com solos pouco férteis (overBeck et al, 2007;BeHling et al, 2009;Bencke, 2009;cordeiro & Hasenack, 2009;guadagnin et al, 2009;gautreau & vélez, 2011). Assim, o conhecimento acerca da biodiversidade dos campos nativos ainda é incipiente, tornando baixo o número de áreas efetivamente protegidas em Unidades de Conservação (overBeck et al, 2007).…”

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“…Diante deste cenário, objetiva-se ampliar o conhecimento dos padrões de distribuição espacial, riqueza e composição da anurofauna do bioma Pampa em duas áreas com diferentes tipos de exploração da terra. (krapovickas & di giacomo, 1998;porto, 2002;overBeck et al, 2007). A região da Serra do Sudeste apresenta um relevo fortemente ondulado, com média de altitudes variando entre 400 e 600 m (ramBo, 1956;porto, 2002).…”

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Estrutura e organização espacial de duas comunidades de anuros do bioma Pampa

Lipinski

Santos

2014

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Structure and spatial organization of two anuran communities of the Pampa biome. The Pampa is the smallest Brazilian biome and is one of the most endangered, due to the expansion of the agropastoril cultures and the silviculture; is one of the Brazilian biomes with the lowest representation on the conservation unities system. In this study are presented information about the structure and spatial organization of anuran communities of two physiographic regions, from the four in which the biome is divided. Were sampled ten waterbodies in each region between the months of September 2011 and August 2012. Were registered 24 species characterized as generalist, with wide distribution and typical of the open areas. The species accumulation curve showed an assintota after the 12° month of sampling. The similarity analysis showed a segregation in the structure of both communities that were influenced by the environmental landscape descriptors.KEYWORDS. Amphibia, anurofauna, ponds, community ecology. RESUMO.O Pampa é o menor bioma brasileiro e está entre os mais ameaçados devido ao rápido avanço das culturas agropastoris e da silvicultura; é um dos biomas com menor representação no sistema de unidades de conservação. Neste estudo são apresentadas informações sobre a estrutura e a organização espacial das comunidades de anuros de duas das quatro regiões fisiográficas em que o bioma é dividido. Foram amostrados dez corpos d'água em cada região entre os meses de setembro de 2011 e agosto de 2012. Foram registradas 24 espécies caracterizadas como generalistas, de ampla distribuição e típicas de ambientes abertos. A curva de acumulação de espécies apresentou a formação de uma assíntota após o 12° mês de amostragem. A análise de similaridade mostrou uma segregação na estrutura das duas comunidades, que foram influenciadas pelos descritores ambientais e da paisagem.

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Estrutura e organização espacial de duas comunidades de anuros do bioma Pampa

Lipinski

Santos

2014

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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“…However, it is necessary to implement management measures aimed to ensure survival and effectively allow the expansion of M. sanmartini. The Campos region is one of the most globally threatened biomes due to land use changes and also one of the least protected (Overbeck et al, 2007). Conservation actions are urgent in order stop the loss of natural habitat and curb species extinction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Southeast South America is a transition zone between subtropical and temperate ecosystems known as the Campos region, which occupies the south of Brazil and Uruguay. This region is dominated by grasslands with patches of seasonal deciduous forest associated with highlands, rivers and ravines (Overbeck et al, 2007). From a biogeographical point of view, the region is located within the Pampean province of the Chacoan subregion, with biotic influences of the neighboring provinces (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and land-use changes effects on the distribution of a regional endemism: Melanophryniscus sanmartini (Amphibia, Bufonidae)

Rosenstock

Toranza

Brazeiro

2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Amphibians are the most threatened vertebrate group according to the IUCN. Land-use and land cover change (LULCC) and climate change (CC) are two of the main factors related to declining amphibian populations. Given the vulnerability of threatened and rare species, the study of their response to these impacts is a conservation priority. The aim of this work was to analyze the combined impact of LULCC and CC on the regionally endemic species Melanophryniscus sanmartini Klappenbach, 1968. This species is currently categorized as near threatened by the IUCN, and previous studies suggest negative effects of projected changes in climate. Using maximum entropy methods we modeled the effects of CC on the current and mid-century distribution of M. sanmartini under two IPCC scenarios -A2 (severe) and B2 (moderate). The effects of LULCC were studied by superimposing the potential distribution with current land use, while future distribution models were evaluated under the scenario of maximum expansion of soybean and afforestation in Uruguay. The results suggest that M. sanmartini is distributed in eastern Uruguay and the south of Brazil, mainly related to hilly and grasslands systems. Currently more than 10% of this species' distribution is superimposed by agricultural crops and exotic forest plantations. Contrasting with a recent modelling study our models suggest an expansion of the distribution of M. sanmartini by mid-century under both climate scenarios. However, despite the rise in climatically suitable areas for the species in the future, LULCC projections indicate that the proportion of modified habitats will occupy up to 25% of the distribution of M. sanmartini. Future change in climate conditions could represent an opportunity for M. sanmartini, but management measures are needed to mitigate the effects of habitat modification in order to ensure its survival and allow the eventual expansion of its distribution.KEYWORDS. Species distribution modeling, global change, conservation, threatened species. RESUMEN. Efectos de los cambios climáticos y del uso de la tierra en la distribución de un endemismo regional: Melanophryniscus sanmartini (Amphibia, Bufonidae). Los anfibios son el grupo de vertebrados más amenazado en la actualidad según la UICN. El cambio en el uso y cobertura del suelo (CUCS) y el cambio climático (CC) son dos de los principales factores involucrados en el fenómeno de declinación de anfibios. Por lo tanto, investigar sus impactos sobre especies amenazadas o raras es fundamental dado que su vulnerabilidad las convierte en prioridades de conservación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar conjuntamente el impacto potencial del CUCS y del CC sobre la distribución del endemismo regional Melanophryniscus sanmartini Klappenbach, 1968. Esta especie está categorizada como casi amenazada por UICN y estudios anteriores sugieren efectos negativos del CC en su distribución. Utilizando modelos de máxima entropía modelamos la distribución actual y futura (2050) de M. sanmartini, bajo dos escenarios d...

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“…These conditions combined with the strong winds seem to promote herbaceous and shrubby species instead of tree species because these horizons have no structure to provide stability for the roots to sustain large trees. Moreover, grazing by cattle and wildfires caused by human activity damage the physiognomic characteristics of some upper montane grasslands, even though many authors considered these environments as anthropic fields such as "Pampas" in Southern Brazil (Overbeck et al 2007, Behling et al 2009) and Campos Gerais (Safford 2001) as well as high-altitude grasslands in Southeastern Brazil. Some upper montane grasslands in the Southern and Southeastern Brazil have endured wildfires resulted from illegal agro-pasture activities of neighboring properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil

Scheer

Mocochinski

2016

Hoehnea

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-(Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil). The phytosociological structure of upper montane grasslands (high altitude grasslands) was studied in six subranges of Serra do Mar. Throughout 324 (1 m 2 ) plot samples, we identified 195 taxa out of 280 taxa previously found in a floristic survey. Besides the general analysis of these communities, five physiognomies (synusiae) of these grasslands were previously determined based upon the species with greater cover. Cryptangium triquetrum and Croton mullerianus had the highest phytosociological importance value among the upper montane grasslands sampled in the present study. The first species was the most important of the grassy physiognomy of all sampled subranges and the second one of the shrubby physiognomy within three subranges. Chusquea pinifolia, Machaerina austrobrasiliensis, Deschampsia caespitosa, Gleichenella pectitata, Tibouchina dubia, Xyris stenophylla, Eryngium koehnearum and Eriochrysis holcoides were also structurally important. Although considerable species richness has been observed, the dominance of one or few species in the community was common in all subranges and physiognomies. In a brief comparison with upper montane vegetation studies (mainly on rocky outcrops) carried out in Southeastern Brazil, a low sharing of species was verified. Furthermore, the scarcity of studies in the literature regarding floristic and sociological structure of upper montane grasslands hampers a deeper analysis at level of species.

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Brazil's neglected biome: The South Brazilian Campos

Cited by 632 publications

References 78 publications

Estrutura e organização espacial de duas comunidades de anuros do bioma Pampa

Estrutura e organização espacial de duas comunidades de anuros do bioma Pampa

Climate and land-use changes effects on the distribution of a regional endemism: Melanophryniscus sanmartini (Amphibia, Bufonidae)

Upper montane grassland structure within six subranges of Serra do Mar, Southern Brazil

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