Bone marrow stem cell applied in the canine veterinary clinics

Abstract

Cell therapy represents an old therapeutic practice initiated with the transfusion of whole blood in different clinical situations. There is now a breakthrough in the study of multipotent stem cell therapy because of its functionality in regeneration of tissues, which promotes attention of the scientific community. Bone marrow is one of the main sources of multipotent stem cells, composed by hematopoietic stem cells responsible for the renewal of the cellular components of the blood, and mesenchymal stem cells that aid in the regeneration of tissues. These cells have a strong potential for the treatment of several diseases, due their main characteristics such as high plasticity, capacity for self-renewal and immunomodulation. Although, there are many studies that show good results with the use of cell therapy as a form of treatment for several diseases, some studies still show inconclusive or unsatisfactory results. Therefore, the objective of this study was to review the application of bone marrow stem cells in the canine model since improvements on the knowledge of the technique are necessary to enable its applicability with safety and efficacy.

Canine Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Genomics, Proteomics and Functional Analyses of Paracrine Factors

“…Furthermore, we recorded expression of 16 genes specific for canine MSCs and 9 specific differentiation genes for bone (BMP2, TBX5, PTK2) cartilage (GDF7, SOX9, BMP4, GDF15), and tendons (BMP4, GDF15). These genes directly correlate with our results, showing strong osteogenic and chondrogenic potential in vitro, thus supporting their key role in the recovery of bone, cartilage, and tendons, and they are used for treating various degenerative diseases of the locomotor system in dogs and horses (29). In addition, we also noticed overexpression of genes for several growth factors, FGF2, LIF, HGF, ICAM1, IGF1, TGFB3, and receptors (NGFR, PDGFRB) that are important for angiogenesis, the recovery of heart, and muscle (ACTA2, JAG1).…”

“…Among the 84 genes we confirmed, only one gene specific for pluripotency (SOX2), which indicates the ability of canine BMMSC to induce self-renewal. Since no other stemness markers were overexpressed, this suggests a very low risk of developing tumorigenity (29). Furthermore, we recorded expression of 16 genes specific for canine MSCs and 9 specific differentiation genes for bone (BMP2, TBX5, PTK2) cartilage (GDF7, SOX9, BMP4, GDF15), and tendons (BMP4, GDF15).…”

Comparative characteristic study from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…There is no previous literature review comparing the characteristics of BM-MSCs from various species. Previous review articles had only discussed in detail BM-MSCs isolated from one species; for example, murine BM-MSCs [ 29 ], feline BM-MSCs [ 30 ], canine BM-MSCs [ 31 ], or human BM-MSCs [ 29 ]. This review presents a comprehensive comparison of the stemness characteristics of BM-MSCs from different species in vitro , linking the information to translational research in humans and animals.…”

Tibial osteosynthesis with type II external skeletal fixator in a goat

“…Além da técnica cirúrgica bem executada diante do tempo esperado para realização da intervenção cirúrgica, foi utilizado enxertia autóloga de medula óssea, que segundo Gomes et al (2017) é uma das principais fontes de células-tronco mesenquimais que auxiliam na regeneração de tecidos, diferenciando de acordo com o local em que se encontram, e, no caso de ser aplicada na região óssea, essas células diferenciam-se em osteoblastos, reduzindo o tempo de cicatrização óssea.…”