Bone as a source of organism vitality and regeneration

Mackiewicz, Z; Niklińska, Wiesława; Kowalewska, Jolanta; Chyczewski, L

doi:10.5603/fhc.2011.0079

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Simultaneously, the cumulative effect of HIV infection and the toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction, which in turn increases the production of proinflammatory cytokines leading to an increase in osteoclast maturation and a decrease in osteoprotegerin, resulting in a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) [4,5]. Additionally, other factors common in this group of patients can also contribute to bone loss, such as low body mass index, alcoholism, smoking, drug use, decreased calcium intake, physical inactivity, vitamin D deficiency, hypogonadism, and increased parathyroid hormone serum concentrations [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, the direct effects of chronic inflammation due to HIV may increase bone reabsorption, resulting in a negative bone balance [7]. Therefore, the elevation of inflammatory biomarkers mediated by chronic HIV infection and the toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs both influence metabolic disorders and increase the risk of morbidity and mortality [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone metabolism dysfunction mediated by the increase of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic HIV infection

et al. 2016

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Despite the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the control of viral replication, the current challenge is to decrease the chronic inflammatory status and toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs that contribute to increase the risk of metabolic complications. To verify the influence of proinflammatory cytokines on bone metabolism mediated by chronic HIV infection, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 HIV-infected adult men treated or not treated with ART. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed to assess bone mineral density. Biochemical analysis were performed of IL-6, TNF-α, osteocalcin, PTH, 25-OH-D, total calcium, albumin, 24 h urinary calcium, and urinary deoxypyridinoline. The participants not treated with ART exhibited higher values of IL-6 and TNF-α than the participants treated with ART for more than 2 years. The TNF-α values were higher in the participants treated with ART for <2 years than in participants treated with ART for more than 2 years (p < 0.05). The increased values of urinary deoxypyridinoline indicated a high reabsorptive activity of bone tissue in all groups, with a significant difference between the participants not treated with ART and the participants treated with ART for <2 years. Through the DXA we found a bone mass reduction in all bone sites in each group. The increase in production of proinflammatory cytokines, most notably in the viremic group, demonstrated the ability to stimulate osteoclast activity and subsequently affect bone mass. The reduction of bone mineral density was observed in all bone sites, principally for the groups receiving antiretroviral treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone metabolism dysfunction mediated by the increase of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic HIV infection

et al. 2016

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“…Bone fracture healing is a well-programmed and well-organized process, but it is also long and intractable. The outcome of the process is thus affected by many factors, such as patient's age, ethnicity, nutritional status, physical condition, and the etiology and extent of the fracture [1][2][3][4][5]. The healing process following bone fracture takes one of two different paths, depending on whether or not a stabilization procedure was performed: non-stabilized fractures heal via endochondral ossification, while stabilized fractures heal via intramembranous ossification [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many key regulating factors and signaling pathways affect bone repair; these include fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b), vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) [4,5]. TGF-b has direct effects on the regulation of osteoblast differentiation; its reduction in osteoblasts has been shown to expand bone mineral concentration and bone mass [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of femoral nerve block on fracture healing via expressions of growth factors and β-catenin

Uslu

İrban

Gereli

et al. 2016

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. Many patients of all ages are admitted to hospital due to bone fractures. The etiology of fracture has a very wide spectrum, ranging from motor accidents to pathological conditions such as tumors, osteoporosis, and others. Bone fracture healing is a well-programmed and well-organized process, but is also long and intractable. The outcome of this process is therefore affected by many factors, such as the patient's age, ethnicity, nutritional status, and extent of the fracture. At present, regional analgesic techniques are frequently applied in order to avoid the complications of systemic opioid administration, central block applications. Femoral block is one of the regional analgesic techniques frequently applied by anesthesiologists when the lower extremities are involved. In this study, we evaluated the effect of femoral nerve block on the healing of an experimental non-stabilized femur fracture via expression of TGF-b, VEGF, and b-catenin and bone histomorphometry in rats. Material and methods. In the control group, only the femoral fracture was performed and the bone was not fixated, similarly as in other groups. In the One-Day Block group, a one-time femoral nerve block was applied after the femoral fracture. In the Three-Day Block group, a daily femoral nerve block was performed for three days after the femoral fracture. On Days 4, 7, and 13, femurs were excised. The bone sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin to evaluate bone tissue and Safranin O to assess callus tissue, cartilaginous tissue, and new bone areas. TGF-b, VEGF, and b-catenin were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that femoral block application had a positive impact on bone healing. TGF-b expression in the One-Day and Three-Day Block Groups was significantly higher than in the control group at all times, as was also the case with VEGF expression. On day 13, b-catenin expression was significantly higher in the Three-Day Block group than the others. Conclusions. The results of the study suggests that the applications of a femoral nerve block for perioperative analgesia, for either one day or three days, resulted in better and more rapid bone healing. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2016, Vol. 54, No. 3, 151-158)

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Bone Augmentation Procedures in Implantology

Kumar

Ebenezer

Thor

2021

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician

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Successful implant dentistry mandates implants to be placed in an appropriate three-dimensional manner that supports the prosthesis adequately. Due to the resorption patterns of edentulous jaws, the ideal position of implants required varying amounts of bone augmentation. Commonly carried out bone-augmentation procedures are Guided Bone Regeneration, onlay bone grafting and sinus floor elevation. This chapter discusses the resorption pattern of edentulous jaws, the biology of alveolar bone of relevance to the maxillofacial surgeon, the biomaterials used for augmentation and the commonly carried out augmentation procedures.

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Bone as a source of organism vitality and regeneration

Cited by 13 publications

References 113 publications

Bone metabolism dysfunction mediated by the increase of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic HIV infection

Bone metabolism dysfunction mediated by the increase of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic HIV infection

The effect of femoral nerve block on fracture healing via expressions of growth factors and β-catenin

Bone Augmentation Procedures in Implantology

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