Bond strength with various etching times on young permanent teeth

Use of a self-etching adhesive on previously etched intact enamel and its effect on sealant microleakage and tag formation

“…Tandon et al 44 showed that the sealant bond strength in permanent teeth increased with a longer etching time. On the other hand, several studies indicate that a reduced enamel etching time would lead to the same results as the conventional 60 s. [45][46][47][48][49][50] However, most of these in vitro studies were not carried out on fissures and no salivary pellicle was built.…”

Confocal microscope analysis of depth of etch between self-limiting and traditional etchant systems

“…Overetching the tooth surface has been shown to lead to increased bond failures. 10 Etching for more than 60 seconds, termed overetching, significantly decreases bond strength. 16 A self-limiting etch would therefore be clinically beneficial to the orthodontist.…”

“…5,9 Overetching is thought to occur beyond 60 seconds, resulting in compromised tooth structure and bond strength. 10 Confocal microscopy provides a way to measure depth of etch, and an ideal depth of etch is gauged to be 5 to 50 lm. 11 Numerous studies have measured etching depth in either dentin or enamel.…”

Effect of different tooth surface conditioning techniques on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets

“…In the orthodontic field, this technology has resulted in significant treatment including esthetics and appliance hygiene, decreased soft tissue irritation and less possibility of enamel decalcification. (4,5,6,7) Reynolds and Van Fraunhofer mentioned that adequate clinical bond strength in orthodontic range is from 5.9 to 7.9 Mpa. Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets was popular since 1970s, and thorough pumice prophylaxis followed by enamel etching has been recommended as a routine procedure for achieving a strong enamel resin bond.…”