Blood Chemistry, Hematology and Tryptophan Level in Cerebral Malaria Children

Ebuehi, Oat; Olaosebikan, Olawunmi Femi; Renne, J.K

doi:10.4314/nqjhm.v19i3.54491

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Our study found no connection between energy drink consumption and ALT levels (P > 0.05), with all participants having low ALT values. This is consistent with another study that showed rats given energy drinks had lower ALT levels than the control group (Ebuehi, et al 2011). However, another study found a significant increase (P < 0.05) in ALT levels in experimental rats compared to the control group [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The results of our study indicated no correlation between energy drink consumption and ALT (P < 0.05), but all the consumers had low ALT values. This is consistent with another study that found lower ALT in rats given energy drinks compared to the control group [23]. However, another study showed higher ALT levels (P < 0.05) in experimental rats in general as compared to the control group (Ugwuja 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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The Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Kidney and Liver Function: A Comparative Study

Elbendary¹,

Mahmoud²,

Samia³

et al. 2023

JBM

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The current study aimed to investigate the potential health impacts associated with Energy Drink (ED) consumption and its effects on general health, liver function, and kidney function among students at Jazan University. EDs contain a variety of ingredients such as taurine, arginine, caffeine, acidity regulators, B vitamins, vitamin C, herbal extracts, and sugar. Previous studies have reported that EDs contain more caffeine content more a cup of coffee. Fifty-seven volunteer female students from the same socioeconomic background were eligible for the study based on their ED consumption habits. The students were divided into four groups: the control group (1) which did not consume EDs (19 students), group (2) which consumed 2 -3 cans per week (19 students), group (3) which consumed 4 -7 cans per week (14 students), and group (4) which consumed more than 7 cans per week (5 students). Five milliliters of venous blood were drawn from all subjects to determine ALT, AST, and GGT levels for liver function tests and creatinine, urea, uric acid, and BUN levels for kidney function tests. The results of the kidney function analysis showed that uric acid levels significantly increased (P < 0.05) in group 3 compared to the control group. Creatinine analysis showed no significant relationship (P > 0.05) in all groups compared to the control group. The liver function analysis illustrated that, compared to the control group, only AST was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in groups 1 and 2. There was no significance in ALT and GGT in all groups. Overall, the study found that long-term ED consumption had a significant relationship to increased uric acid and AST concentrations, while urea and BUN decreased significantly. Further research is needed to understand the long-term health implications of ED consumption.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Kidney and Liver Function: A Comparative Study

Elbendary¹,

Mahmoud²,

Samia³

et al. 2023

JBM

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“…50,55 In 2011, Akande and Banjoko 70 reported an increase in the serum AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase in rats treated with caffeine-containing energy drinks that typically contain 80 to 141 mg of caffeine per 8 ounces. 71 Ebuehi et al 72 reported that caffeine-containing energy drinks significantly affected liver enzyme activities in rabbits, whereas Cheul Do et al 73 reported that caffeine administration caused a significant increase in the levels of AST and ALT in rats. Bukhar et al 74 reported that rats receiving a caffeine-containing energy drink also showed elevated AST, ALT, and alkaline phosphatase values when compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General and Genetic Toxicology of Guayusa Concentrate (Ilex guayusa)

Kapp¹,

Mendes

Roy

et al. 2016

Int J Toxicol

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Tea from the leaves of guayusa (Ilex guayusa) has a long history of consumption by Ecuadorian natives in regions where the plant is indigenous. The tea contains the methylxanthines caffeine and theobromine as well as chlorogenic acids, flavonoids, and sugars. Various studies were performed to evaluate the general and genetic toxicology of a standardized liquid concentrate of guayusa (GC). Guayusa concentrate was found to be negative in in vitro genotoxicity tests including the Ames test and a chromosome aberration study in human lymphocytes. The oral median lethal dose (LD50) of GC was >5,000 mg/kg for female rats. Guayusa concentrate was administered to male and female rats in a 90-day subchronic study at 1,200, 2,500, and 5,000 mg/kg/d of GC and a caffeine-positive control at 150 mg/kg/d corresponding to the amount of caffeine in the high-dose GC group. Effects observed in the GC-treated groups were comparable to those in the caffeine control group and included reductions in body weights, food efficiency, triglycerides values, and fat pad weights and increases in blood chemistry values for serum aspartate aminotransferase, serum alanine aminotransferase, and cholesterol and adaptive salivary gland hypertrophy. No signs of incremental toxicity due to any other components of guayusa were observed. The studies indicate no harmful effects of GC in these test systems.

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“…This is consistent with the findings of Akande and Banjoko [17] , who revealed that rats treated with power horse had higher serum AST, ALT, and ALP levels. In addition, Ebuehi et al [35] discovered that power horse and red bull have a substantial effect on the activity of liver enzymes in rabbits. Furthermore, a link between the consumption of high-energy drinks and the concentration of liver enzymes in normal and hyperglycemic mice has been proved [36] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Changes under the Effect of Red Bull Energy Drinks and its Withdrawal in Adult Male Albino Rats (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)

Ibrahem

Reda

Mekawy

2022

Journal of Medical Histology

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Background: Red bull (RB) energy drinks became popular especially among young adults believing that they improve the level of performance and giving them more energy. Objectives: One of the organs most susceptible to the toxicity of red bull is the liver. Therefore, the goal of our study was to assess the effects of RB ingestion on the livers of adult male albino rats as well as the consequences of its withdrawal. Materials and Methods: Thirty six adult male albino rats were divided into 3 groups; control group, Red bull given group (received red bull in a dose 1.5 ml/100g b.wt daily orally for 4 weeks) and withdrawal group (received red bull as in Red bull group and left for 4 weeks without treatment). Specimens of the liver were taken from all groups and processed for the light, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study. Morphometric measurements and statistical analyses were done. Results: Red bull given group displayed a significantly higher serum level of liver enzymes in comparison to the control group. Loss of the typical liver architecture was noticed through histopathological analysis in the same group; most hepatocytes were degenerated with pyknotic nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuolations.Lipid droplets infiltration was noticed between hepatocytes. Leucocytic infiltration surrounding central vein and vessels of portal area with eosinophilic exudate within and between portal area vessels were seen. The immunohistochemical results demonstrated a significant increase in alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) .The ultrastructural assessment confirmed these changes. However, cessation of RB intake showed improvement in the liver histopathological and biochemical changes depicted previously. Conclusion:Hepatocytes affected by ingestion of caffeinated energy drinks. But as seen by the withdrawal group's blood and histopathology study results, these harmful effects were reversible.

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Blood Chemistry, Hematology and Tryptophan Level in Cerebral Malaria Children

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Kidney and Liver Function: A Comparative Study

The Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Kidney and Liver Function: A Comparative Study

General and Genetic Toxicology of Guayusa Concentrate (Ilex guayusa)

Hepatic Changes under the Effect of Red Bull Energy Drinks and its Withdrawal in Adult Male Albino Rats (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)

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