Block-Stream as a Service: A More Secure, Nimble, and Dynamically Balanced Cloud Service Model for Ambient Computing

Transparent Computing: Development and Current Status

“…Moreover, a research team in Intel proposed to abstract the underlying platform details through a software-hardware interface called UEFI (Unified extensible firmware interface) for the TC system [28] . Based on TransOS, a novel service model BaaS (Block-streaming as a service) [29] was proposed. Since we enter the era of IoTs and mobile Internet, researchers began to focus on the mobile transparent computing [30] and IoT-based on TC [31] , and designed product of TC in wearable devices called TC Watch [32] .…”

“…Tang et al [70] found that the frequent I/O operations were the bottleneck of TC, so they proposed a block-level caching optimization approach for both server and client sides, which effectively reduced network traffic and the access frequency for the server. Besides, BaaS [29] was a typical and effective approach to perform code scheduling and execution, which will be discussed in detail in Section V.…”

“…Therefore, we need a new service model to provide block-stream services for resource-constrained lightweight devices through the wireless network. He et al [29] proposed BaaS on the basis of the TC concept. Rather than pushing the whole application to devices, BaaS takes the code block of an application as a unit of service and loads them to the terminal in a block streaming manner according to the user's request.…”

Resource Management in a Peer to Peer Cloud Network for IoT

“…to use them on the provided platform. IaaS provides virtualized processing and computing resources over the internet [6,7,[11][12][13][14]. Cloud computing and IoT have witnessed frequent and independent transformations.…”

Towards Secure Network Computing Services for Lightweight Clients Using Blockchain

“…Currently, there exist more than 13 billion connected IoT devices and this number would increase to 30 billion in the near future [1]. Meanwhile, the emerging network computing technologies, typically, fog/edge computing [2,3] and transparent computing [4,5], have significantly extended the abilities of the existing resource-constrained IoT devices, through the network-based service provisioning and sharing mechanisms. For example, in the IoT-oriented edge transparent computing scenario [6,7], with the aid of block-stream code loading and execution techniques [8], the resource-constrained wearable devices (e.g., wristbands and smartwatches) are enabled to alternately run numerous applications obtained from either the cloud servers or close edge servers (e.g., personal computers), which goes beyond the original capabilities of these local devices (see Figure 1) [9].…”