Blinking Patterns in Soft Contact Lens Wearers Can Be Altered with Training

A new model of central lid margin apposition and tear film mixing in spontaneous blinking

“…These changes in lid thickness during blinking, along with the UL over-blink placement, resulted in a small space between the posterior, central, UL near the margin and the corneal surface of at least 0.7mm in this cohort of patients. Furthermore, the scale model diagram illustrates that the lids appear to be fully closed from a frontal view, as commonly observed in humans [14][15][16][17].…”

Eye irritation and environmental factors in the office environment-hypotheses, causes and a physiological model

“…In order to minimize water loss from the tear film, normal blinking should be maintained in the indoor environment by (i) avoiding room temperatures that are too high, because blink frequency is reduced; (ii) avoiding relative humidities that are too high or too low, because they reduce blink frequency or may increase water evaporation. In order to maintain an intact tear film (i) blinking and short breaks may be beneficial for VDU users (46,199); (ii) downward gazing is recommended to reduce the ocular surface area and water evaporation (10,200,201); (iii) the distance between the VDU and keyboard should be kept as short as possible to minimize evaporation from the ocular surface area by a low direction of the gaze (202); (iv) blink training can be beneficial (203), especially forceful blinking (204). Other preventative measures are (i) proper lid hygiene (13); (ii) avoidance of eye rubbing (165); and (iii) the use of personal products and medication.…”

Assessment of short‐term variability in human spontaneous blink rate during video observation with or without head / chin support

“…In the clinical examination of the external eye, it will be a routine procedure for the patient to be seated at a slitlamp with open eyes and directing their gaze to the distance whether this be for assessments of tear flow, tear film stability, tear film lipid layer or tear meniscus height, for example. The same applies to contact lens wear adaptation, comfort issues and spontaneous blink activity, where measurements of the SBR are been carried out in the primary gaze . Whether as part of routine eye examination or as the experimental set up in studies on spontaneous blinking, a number of investigators have opted for recording blink activity, while subjects were seated with their head supported on some type of chin and forehead rest .…”