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Thielen, Michael; Gust, Peter; Hartwig, Klaus

doi:10.3139/9783446458567.fm

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…PET bottles are processed by injection blow molding [20,[34][35][36][37]. With an increasing stretch ratio of the preform, the filling volume increases, and the bottle wall thickness reduces [36].…”

Section: Pet and Glass Bottlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packaging Material Use Efficiency of Commercial PET and Glass Bottles for Mineral Water

Gress,

Müller,

Sängerlaub

2024

Beverages

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The influence of the bottle material (glass, PET), the reusability (reusable and disposable bottles), and the carbonization (still, medium, classic mineral water) on the filling ratio, packaging material use efficiency, cost, and shelf life were evaluated. Two hundred different bottles were purchased and characterized regarding their filling volume, the weight of the bottle, the weight of the closure, the weight of the label, and the maximum full-rim volume of the bottle. The packaging material use efficiency was calculated. The shelf life was evaluated by calculating the water vapor and carbon dioxide transmission rates. The ratio of filling volume to the packaging weight of disposable PET bottles was, on average, two times higher compared to returnable PET bottles and 20 times higher compared to glass bottles. Shelf life was, on average, higher than factor two for glass bottles compared to PET bottles. On average, but not in all cases, mineral water packaged in disposable PET bottles was cheaper compared to reusable PET and glass bottles. This paper provides a benchmark for the packaging community, especially when data for life cycle assessment are required, and the different advantages and disadvantages of different bottle materials for mineral water are shown.

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Section: Pet and Glass Bottlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packaging Material Use Efficiency of Commercial PET and Glass Bottles for Mineral Water

Gress,

Müller,

Sängerlaub

2024

Beverages

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“…Rigid packaging (RP) includes a wide spectrum of products, such as thin-walled containers, bottles, bottle caps, transport boxes, etc. These products are normally produced by various processing technologies (e.g., injection molding, extrusion, blow molding) and, based on the desired property profile of the end product, proper material selection is required [15]. Melt flow rate (MFR) of the polymer is usually used as an indicator to determine the compatible processing technology for a certain product [11,16,17].…”

Section: Life Cycle Of Polyolefin Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling Scheme Conception for Pretreated Polyolefin Waste Based on a Review of the Available Standard Procedures

Akhras

Fischer

2022

Polymers

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Given the rapid development of plastics recycling in recent years, the need for guidelines for sampling and material characterization is steadily emerging. However, there still exists a considerable scarcity of methods that enable proper material data acquisition. This paper consists of two parts. The first part provides a critical review of the available sampling techniques that can be utilized in the field of plastics recycling. Several sampling studies were covered in the review alongside the prominent standardization institutions. It was found that neither the literature nor the standards provide a comprehensive practice that considers the distinctive characteristics of plastic waste and applies it to different situations along the value chain. In the second part, a proposal of a sampling plan for pretreated rigid plastic waste is conceptualized based on selected information from the reviewed methods. Two variants of the proposed plan were evaluated based on the flake size distribution and the apparent density of four different pretreated polyolefin (PO) waste materials. The results of the study showed that combining stratified random sampling with composite sampling yields a good sampling technique for rigid PO waste. Moreover, the analysis of a composite sample adequately conveys the true material properties of a sublot or lot.

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Blasformen

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Packaging Material Use Efficiency of Commercial PET and Glass Bottles for Mineral Water

Packaging Material Use Efficiency of Commercial PET and Glass Bottles for Mineral Water

Sampling Scheme Conception for Pretreated Polyolefin Waste Based on a Review of the Available Standard Procedures

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