blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV in Enterobacteriaceae from North-Indian tertiary hospital: high occurrence of combination genes

Abstract

This is amongst the premier report describing the simultaneous occurrence of bla(TEM), bla(SHV), and bla(ampC) in Indian Enterobacteriaceae and that wider dissemination of these genes, as demonstrated by diversity of isolates, raises concern and emphasizes a need for extensive search for the presence of these gene pools in Indian subcontinent.

The Distribution of Beta Lactamase Genes in Escherichia Coli Phylotypes Isolated from Diarrhea and UTI Cases in Northwest Iran

“…Isendahl et al [11] reported that 32.6% fecal samples from children were carriers of ESBLproducing E. coli or K. pneumonia. Shahid et al [22] reported findings similar to those of the present study: 38.4% of the isolates in their study were positive for bla genes, and the bla TEM gene was more prevalent than the bla SHV gene. In another study, the prevalence of bla TEM , bla CTX-M and bla SHV genes among E. coli isolates were 100%, 37.5% and 4.1% respectively [24].…”

“…The rates of resistance to other antibiotics were as follows: cefotaxim 34 (85%), nalidixic acid 25 (62.5%), cefuroxime 24 (60%), cotrimoxazole 20 (50%), amikacin 19 (47.5%), ciprofloxacin 13 (32.5%), and gentamicin 14 (35%). In the UTI isolates the maximum rate of resistance was against cefazolin 95.7% (88 isolates), followed by cefotaxim 87% (80), cotrimoxazole 66% (61), cefuroxime 65.2% (60), nalidixic acid 59% (54), gentamicin 53.3% (49), amikacin 39.1% (36), ciprofloxacin 39.1% (36), and nitrofurantoin 23.9% (22). The results showed that 24 antibiotic resistance patterns were found among the E. coli isolates.…”

“…Extensive use of antibiotics to treat E. coli infections caused by resistant isolates will increase the problem of resistance [18,19]. bla TEM and bla SHV genes, which are commonly found in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, confer resistance to a broad spectrum of beta lactam antibiotics and are a significant therapeutic concern for infections caused by many species of gram-negative bacteria [20][21][22][23]. At the same time, the epidemiology of ESBL-producing E coli is complicated and varies among hospitals and countries [24].…”

Prevalence of co-existence genes and clonal spread of ESBL-producing isolates causing hospital and community-acquired infections in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina

“…In recent years, the production of more than one beta-lactamase has frequently been reported in some countries, such as in the study from India (4,5), China (6), Iran (7), and Germany (8), Egypt (9), USA (10), Malaysia (11), and Bosnia and Herzegovina (B and H) (12). The antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria has risen progressively during the past decades, leading to an increasing number of outbreaks due to the existence of multi-resistant bacteria, especially those producing more than one beta-lactamase type (4).…”

“…The antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria has risen progressively during the past decades, leading to an increasing number of outbreaks due to the existence of multi-resistant bacteria, especially those producing more than one beta-lactamase type (4). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are major agents and also the most frequent bacteria that produce different type of ESBLs.…”