Black carbon in a temperate mixed-grass savanna

Dai, Xiujuan J.; Boutton, Thomas W.; Glaser, Bruno; Ansley, R. James; Zech, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.02.021

Cited by 121 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These higher values are likely because the residues from photooxidation still contain other resistant or protected C structures that can be distinguished by subsequent NMR analysis; also some of the highest values (up to 80%) came from samples with visible charred particle content. Generally lower results (1.7-18%) were found using the BPCA method (Glaser and Amelung, 2003;Dai et al, 2005;Rodionov et al, 2006), and the lowest range (1-7%) by thermal and chemical oxidation techniques (Bucheli et al, 2004;Rumpel et al, 2005). Fig.…”

Section: How Fire Affects Soil Properties and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions

2006

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Section: How Fire Affects Soil Properties and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions

2006

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“…Biomass burning could affect the soil carbon stocks, as modelled for the boreal system (Harden et al, 2000) but field observations and experimental studies are rare and have been conducted mainly in savannah, tropical or boreal forests (Forbes et al, 2006). Long-term observations, after burning, have revealed all possible variations: either no changes in soil organic carbon stocks (Roscoe et al, 2000;Dai et al, 2005), a reduction (Bird et al, 2000) or an increase (Ojima et al, 1994). However, the data about soil carbon and charcoal and their dynamics in the soil profile after a fire is limited and to our knowledge no quantitative assessment has been attempted in temperate deciduous forests (Preston and Schmidt, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Minor changes in soil organic carbon and charcoal concentrations detected in a temperate deciduous forest a year after an experimental slash-and-burn

Eckmeier

Gerlach²,

Skjemstad

et al. 2007

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Anthropogenic fires affected the temperate deciduous forests of Central Europe over millennia. Biomass burning releases carbon to the atmosphere and produces charcoal, which potentially contributes to the stable soil carbon pools and is an important archive of environmental history. The fate of charcoal in soils of temperate deciduous forests, i.e. the processes of charcoal incorporation and transportation and the effects on soil organic matter are still not clear. We investigated the effects of slash-and-burn at a longterm experimental burning site and determined soil organic carbon and charcoal carbon concentrations as well as the soil lightness of colour (L*) in the topmost soil material (0-1, 1-2.5 and 2.5-5 cm depths) before, immediately after the fire and one year later. The main results are that (i) only a few of the charcoal particles from the forest floor were incorporated into the soil matrix, presumably by soil mixing animals. In the 0-1 cm layer, during one year, the charcoal C concentration increased only by 0.4 g kg −1 and the proportion of charcoal C to SOC concentration increased from 2.8 to 3.4%; (ii) the SOC concentrations did not show any significant differences; (iii) soil lightness decreased significantly in the topmost soil layer and correlated well with the concentrations of charcoal C (r=−0.87**) and SOC (r=−0.94**) in the samples from the 0-5 cm layer. We concluded that Holocene biomass burning could have influenced soil charcoal concentrations and soil colour.

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“…BC plays a strong role in the climate system, as it is considered second to CO 2 as the most important human emission based on its radiative forcing (Bond et al, 2013;Husain et al, 2004;Novakov and Rosen, 2013). BC also is hypothesized to be a long term carbon sink (Masiello and Druffel, 1998;Dai et al, 2005;Kuhlbusch and Crutzen, 1995), because its structure is composed of condensed aromatic rings making it stable and resistant to biological degradation (Goldberg, 1985;Forbes et al, 2006). After a fire, large amounts of charcoal in soils are oxidized and transported to river sheds (Myers-Pigg et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2004;Hockaday et al, 2007;Mannino and Harvey, 2004;Preston and Schmidt, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid phase extraction method for the study of black carbon cycling in dissolved organic carbon using radiocarbon

2015

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oRadiocarbon analysis is a powerful tool for understanding the cycling of individual components within carbon pools, such as black carbon (BC) in dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Radiocarbon (Δ 14 C) measurements of BC in DOC provide insight into one source of aged, recalcitrant DOC. We report a modified solid phase extraction (SPE) method to concentrate 43 ± 6% of DOC (SPE-DOC) from seawater. We used the Benzene Polycarboxylic Acid (BPCA) method to isolate BC from SPE-DOC (SPE-BC) for subsequent 14 C analysis. We report SPE-BC Δ 14 C values, SPE-BC concentrations, and the relative BPCA distributions from Milli-Q water process blanks, two riverine reference standards, as well as a coastal and an open ocean surface water sample. The composition of BC is less aromatic in the ocean samples than those in the river standards. We find higher BC Δ 14 C values in the river standards (+148 to −462‰) than BC in the ocean samples (−592 to −712‰), suggesting that BC ages within oceanic DOC. We report that BC is 4.2 ± 1.0% of SPE-DOC in the open ocean surface sample, or 1.4 ± 0.1 μM C. This work provides the methodological basis by which global BC concentrations, compositions (e.g. relative abundances of BPCA marker compounds) and Δ 14C values can be assessed.

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Black carbon in a temperate mixed-grass savanna

Cited by 121 publications

References 13 publications

Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions

Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions

Minor changes in soil organic carbon and charcoal concentrations detected in a temperate deciduous forest a year after an experimental slash-and-burn

Solid phase extraction method for the study of black carbon cycling in dissolved organic carbon using radiocarbon

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