Biological Variation of Free and Total Carnitine in Serum of Healthy Subjects

Alberty, Roman; Albertyová, Dáša

doi:10.1093/clinchem/43.12.2441

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…CAR, ALCAR concentrations, and ACYLCAR/CAR ratio were 37.8 (8.6) μ mol/L, 11.5 (3.0) μ mol/L, and 0.35 (0.15), respectively. These values do not differ from the reference values of our laboratory or the reported ones in the literature [ 2 , 18 , 22 ]. None of the patients in this group presented hyperammonemia.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Carnitine and/or Acetylcarnitine Deficiency as a Cause of Higher Levels of Ammonia

Maldonado

Guevara

Queijo³

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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Blood carnitine and/or acetylcarnitine deficiencies are postulated in the literature as possible causes of higher ammonia levels. The aim of this study was to investigate if the use of valproic acid, the age of the patients, or certain central nervous system pathologies can cause carnitine and/or acetylcarnitine deficiency leading to increased ammonia levels. Three groups of patients were studied: (A) epileptic under phenytoin monotherapy (n = 31); (B) with bipolar disorder under valproic acid treatment (n = 28); (C) elderly (n = 41). Plasma valproic acid and blood carnitine and acyl carnitine profiles were determined using a validated HPLC and LC-MS/MS method, respectively. Blood ammonia concentration was determined using an enzymatic automated assay. Higher ammonia levels were encountered in patients under valproic acid treatment and in the elderly. This may be due to the lower carnitine and/or acetylcarnitine found in these patients. Patients with controlled seizures had normal carnitine and acetylcarnitine levels. Further studies are necessary in order to conclude if the uncontrolled bipolar disorder could be the cause of higher carnitine and/or acetylcarnitine levels.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Carnitine and/or Acetylcarnitine Deficiency as a Cause of Higher Levels of Ammonia

Maldonado

Guevara

Queijo³

et al. 2016

BioMed Research International

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“…Mean serum free carnitine concentration in both groups was in the range of 22 to 22.5 μmol/L and this is lower than the range of 29 to 64 μmol/L reported in healthy subjects 14,15 . This low concentration is caused possibly by reduced dietary intake, impaired de novo carnitine renal synthesis, and loss of free carnitine from body during hemodialysis 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Mean serum free carnitine concentration in both groups was in the range of 22 to 22.5 mmol/L and this is lower than the range of 29 to 64 mmol/L reported in healthy subjects. 14,15 This low concentration is caused possibly by reduced dietary intake, impaired de novo carnitine renal synthesis, and loss of free carnitine from body during hemodialysis. 14 Carnitine deficiency can result in muscle weakness and cramps, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmia, loss of body protein, cachexia, insulin resistance, altered plasma lipid profile, anemia, and resistance to erythropoietin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of l‐carnitine supplement on serum inflammatory cytokines, C‐reactive protein, lipoprotein (a), and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients with Lp (a) hyperlipoproteinemia

Azam¹,

Tabibi²,

Hedayati³

2010

Hemodialysis International

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Inflammation, oxidative stress, and high concentration of serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] are common complications in hemodialysis patients. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of L-carnitine supplement on serum inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), Lp (a), and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients with Lp (a) hyperlipoproteinemia [hyper Lp (a)]. This was an unblinded, randomized clinical trial. Thirty-six hyper Lp (a) hemodialysis patients (23 men and 13 women) were randomly assigned to either a carnitine or control group. Patients in the carnitine group received 1000 mg/d oral L-carnitine for 12 weeks, whereas patients in the control group did not receive any L-carnitine supplement. At baseline and the end of week 12, 5 mL of blood were collected after a 12- to 14-hours fast and serum free carnitine, CRP, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, Lp (a), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein were measured. Serum free carnitine concentration increased significantly by 86% in the carnitine group at the end of week 12 compared with baseline (P<0.001), while serum CRP and IL-6 showed a significant decrease of 29% (P<0.05) and 61% (P<0.001), respectively. No significant changes were observed in serum free carnitine, CRP, and IL-6 in the control group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean changes of serum interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, Lp (a), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein concentrations. L-carnitine supplement reduces inflammation in hemodialysis patients, but has no effect on hyper Lp (a) and oxidative stress.

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“…4 Durante el período previo a la lactancia, el neonato depende de la movilización de glicógeno y triglicéridos, jugando un papel importante la boxidación de los ácidos grasos, proceso que requiere carnitina, 5 pero las reservas de carnitina en el neonato son limitadas 6,7 y su concentración es baja probablemente debido a la inmadurez hepática para su síntesis; 8 sin embargo, la distribución de carnitina libre y de los ésteres de carnitina, varían con el estado de ayuno, adiposidad, funcionamiento renal, y ejercicio muscular. 9,10 Los tejidos incluyendo el corazón, cerebro, músculo, hígado, y riñón, son altamente dependientes de la energía generada por la b-oxidación, y por lo tanto es esencial para los tejidos tener un aporte suficiente de carnitina.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Carnitina libre y total en sangre de cordón umbilical

Osório

Pourfarzam

2002

Rev. Colomb. Obstet. Ginecol.

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Se han encontrado concentraciones anormales de carnitina en niños asociadas con deficiencias primaria y secundaria de carnitina, con disminución de las concentraciones en sangre y tejidos, así como niveles elevados en algunos errores innatos del metabolismo. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo la obtención de valores de referencia para carnitina libre y total en sangre de cordón umbilical, como herramienta en el diagnóstico temprano de errores innatos del metabolismo. Se analizaron mediante espectrometría de masas en tándem (MS/MS) 130 muestras de sangre de cordón umbilical de nacimientos con embarazos a término y peso normal al nacer (78 niños y 52 niñas) de una población colombiana. No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa dependiente del sexo del recién nacido. Reportamos valores de referencia para carnitina libre y total en sangre de cordón umbilical de 18,5 ± 3,4 µmol/L y 20,9 ± 4,2 µmol/L respectivamente.

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Biological Variation of Free and Total Carnitine in Serum of Healthy Subjects

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Carnitine and/or Acetylcarnitine Deficiency as a Cause of Higher Levels of Ammonia

Carnitine and/or Acetylcarnitine Deficiency as a Cause of Higher Levels of Ammonia

Effects of l‐carnitine supplement on serum inflammatory cytokines, C‐reactive protein, lipoprotein (a), and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients with Lp (a) hyperlipoproteinemia

Carnitina libre y total en sangre de cordón umbilical

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