Biological role and health benefits of antioxidant compounds in cereals

Polonskiy, V. I.; Loskutov, I. G.; Сумина, А. В.

doi:10.21638/spbu03.2020.105

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…The AVEQ project (Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption) analyzed 658 oat cultivars and confirmed the contribution of both genetic and environmental aspects to the formation of the tested character [49]. It is worth mentioning that, compared with cultivated and other wild di-and tetraploid oat species, higher contents of β-glucans and other antioxidants were found in the hexaploid (wild) A. fatua, A. occidentalis, and (cultivated) A. byzantina, and diploid (wild|) A. atlantica [38,39,[49][50][51].…”

Section: β-Glucansmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…A study of naked and hulled oats showed that naked oat cultivars had significantly higher values of total antioxidant activity. Among hulled oat cultivars, these values were higher in dark-hulled forms compared with white-hulled oats [50].…”

Section: Phenolic Compounds and Avenanthramidesmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, genome regions conducive to changing the content of proteins, oils, saccharic and uronic acids, which, in their turn, produce a direct effect on grain quality, remain unexplored [74]. Furthermore, positive correlations were demonstrated in barley between 1000 grain weight and tocol concentration, between dietary fiber content and phenolic compounds, and between husk weight and total antioxidants in hulled barley [38,50].…”

Section: β-Glucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cereal crop grains are known to have high nutritive value and contain diverse chemical compounds with antioxidant properties. Research efforts have been undertaken in recent years to study the content of antioxidants in the grain of various cultivated cereals [50,[75][76][77][78][79].…”

Section: Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oat and barley grains contain a considerable amount of various phenolic compounds exhibiting biological activity, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative (preventive activity against cancerous and cardiac diseases) effects [50]. One of the most abundant and powerful antioxidants found in nature, the flavonoid quercetin, has been found in wheat.…”

Section: Phenolic Compounds and Avenanthramidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat, Barley, and Oat Breeding for Health Benefit Components in Grain

Лоскутов

Khlestkina

2021

Plants

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Cereal grains provide half of the calories consumed by humans. In addition, they contain important compounds beneficial for health. During the last years, a broad spectrum of new cereal grain-derived products for dietary purposes emerged on the global food market. Special breeding programs aimed at cultivars utilizable for these new products have been launched for both the main sources of staple foods (such as rice, wheat, and maize) and other cereal crops (oat, barley, sorghum, millet, etc.). The breeding paradigm has been switched from traditional grain quality indicators (for example, high breadmaking quality and protein content for common wheat or content of protein, lysine, and starch for barley and oat) to more specialized ones (high content of bioactive compounds, vitamins, dietary fibers, and oils, etc.). To enrich cereal grain with functional components while growing plants in contrast to the post-harvesting improvement of staple foods with natural and synthetic additives, the new breeding programs need a source of genes for the improvement of the content of health benefit components in grain. The current review aims to consider current trends and achievements in wheat, barley, and oat breeding for health-benefiting components. The sources of these valuable genes are plant genetic resources deposited in genebanks: landraces, rare crop species, or even wild relatives of cultivated plants. Traditional plant breeding approaches supplemented with marker-assisted selection and genetic editing, as well as high-throughput chemotyping techniques, are exploited to speed up the breeding for the desired genotуpes. Biochemical and genetic bases for the enrichment of the grain of modern cereal crop cultivars with micronutrients, oils, phenolics, and other compounds are discussed, and certain cases of contributions to special health-improving diets are summarized. Correlations between the content of certain bioactive compounds and the resistance to diseases or tolerance to certain abiotic stressors suggest that breeding programs aimed at raising the levels of health-benefiting components in cereal grain might at the same time match the task of developing cultivars adapted to unfavorable environmental conditions.

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Section: β-Glucansmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Phenolic Compounds and Avenanthramidesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: β-Glucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenolic Compounds and Avenanthramidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat, Barley, and Oat Breeding for Health Benefit Components in Grain

Лоскутов

Khlestkina

2021

Plants

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Sinapic Acid Mitigates Pentylenetetrazol-induced Acute Seizures By Modulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Regulating Calcium/calcineurin Signaling: In Vivo and In Silico Approaches

Ali,

Ghaiad,

Elmasry

et al. 2024

Inflammation

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Sinapic acid (SA) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid found in citrus fruits and cereals. Recent studies have shown that SA has potential anti-seizure properties due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. The present study investigated the neuroprotective role of SA at two different dosages in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced acute seizure model. Mice were divided into six groups: normal control, PTZ, SA (20 mg/kg), SA (20 mg/kg) + PTZ, SA (40 mg/kg), and SA (40 mg/kg) + PTZ. SA was orally administered for 21 days, followed by a convulsive dose of intraperitoneal PTZ (50 mg/kg). Seizures were estimated via the Racine scale, and animals were behaviorally tested using the Y-maze. Brain tissues were used to assess the levels of GABA, glutamate, oxidative stress markers, calcium, calcineurin, (Nod)-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3), interleukin (IL)-1β, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), Bcl-2–associated death protein (Bad) and Bcl-2. Molecular docking of SA using a multistep in silico protocol was also performed. The results showed that SA alleviated oxidative stress, restored the GABA/glutamate balance and calcium/calcineurin signaling, downregulated NLRP3 and apoptosis, and improved recognition and ambulatory activity in PTZ-treated mice. In silico results also revealed that SA strongly interacts with the target proteins NLRP3 and ASC. Overall, the results suggest that SA is a promising antiseizure agent and that both doses of SA are comparable, with 40 mg/kg SA being superior in normalizing glutathione, calcium and IL-1β, in addition to calcineurin, NLRP3, ASC and Bad. Graphical Abstract

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