Bioinspired Polymeric Coating with Self‐Adhesion, Lubrication, and Drug Release for Synergistic Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal Performance

Abstract

A combination of surface lubrication and antibacterial performance is highly imperative for biomedical implants in clinic. In this study, motivated by mussel‐inspired adhesion, articular cartilage superlubrication, and drug‐loading capacity of cyclodextrins, a new copolymer of p(DMA‐MPC‐CD) (namely PDMC) with self‐adhesion, lubrication, and drug loading & release properties is developed for fabricating a versatile platform to construct a synergistic bacteriostatic/bactericidal surface. Specifically, the biomimetic coating is prepared via polydopamine mediated layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly method on the surface of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), and characterized by quartz crystal microbalance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and surface wettability to confirm the modification process. The biocompatibility evaluation using L929 cells shows that the coating, even with pre‐loaded bactericide, presents satisfied biocompatibility in vitro. Additionally, the enhanced lubrication and bacterial resistance properties of copolymer‐coated Ti6Al4V (Ti6Al4V@PDMC) are attributed to the tenacious hydration shell that is formed surrounding the zwitterionic phosphorylcholine charges. Furthermore, the bactericidal function of the biomimetic coating is successfully achieved by releasing the pre‐loaded bactericide in a sustained manner, which effectively kills the adhered bacteria on the surface. In summary, the bioinspired surface functionalization strategy developed here may act as a universal and promising method for achieving enhanced lubrication and synergistic bacteriostatic/bactericidal properties in biomedical implants.

Recent advances of two-dimensional lubricating materials: from tunable tribological properties to applications

“…In the past decade, the properties and applications of 2D nanomaterials in the field of lubrication have attracted great attention, which have been applied in water systems (bio-tribology), 70 lubricating oil, grease, coating, 71 etc. As a typical lubrication additive, the tribochemistry mechanism of 2D nanosheets is similar to that of nanomaterial lubricants (Fig.…”

Bioinspired Polycation Functionalization of the Polyurethane Surface for Enhanced Lubrication, Antibacterial Property, and Anticoagulation

“…Although antibiotics and anticoagulants are effective against infection and thrombosis, there may be potential side effects such as fever, antibiotic resistance, and bleeding. − In contrast to systemic drug delivery that primarily provides a short-term effect, the surface modification strategy can provide a long-lasting effect and endow the surface with specific functions without altering the main properties of biomaterial, thus offering a promising option for addressing the clinical complications of biomedical devices. The zwitterionic polymer coatings, as one of the representative surface modification methods, have been widely investigated due to their excellent hemocompatibility and antifouling performances. − Poly­(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), as a typical zwitterionic polymer with repeated units that contain both positively and negatively charged groups, is able to strongly retain water and form a dense and stable hydration layer . Previous studies have demonstrated that the hydration layer formed by zwitterionic polymers can effectively prevent non-specific adhesion of proteins and bacteria, thereby avoiding the subsequent formation of thrombosis and biofilm .…”

“…13−15 Poly(2methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), as a typical zwitterionic polymer with repeated units that contain both positively and negatively charged groups, is able to strongly retain water and form a dense and stable hydration layer. 16 Previous studies have demonstrated that the hydration layer formed by zwitterionic polymers can effectively prevent non-specific adhesion of proteins and bacteria, thereby avoiding the subsequent formation of thrombosis and biofilm. 17 Additionally, zwitterionic polymers can reduce the friction between materials and tissues through hydration lubrication, and the lubrication performance of the PMPC coating has previously been reported for surface modification of biomaterials in artificial joints.…”

Ca2+-Facilitated Adhesion of Bacteria on the Na-Montmorillonite Surface

“…In the range of temperatures from 288 to 308 K, , the maximum adhesion extent of Pseudomonas putida onto the mineral surfaces was obtained. The adhesion extent of bacteria onto the similarly charged quartz increased with increasing salt concentrations. − However, the effect of ions on the adhesion mechanism of bacteria onto mineral surfaces has not been fundamentally approached or substantiated.…”

“…The adhesion extent of bacteria onto the similarly charged quartz increased with increasing salt concentrations. 23 − 25 However, the effect of ions on the adhesion mechanism of bacteria onto mineral surfaces has not been fundamentally approached or substantiated.…”