Biofilm Formation on Different Materials Used in Oral Rehabilitation

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the density and the morphological aspects of biofilms adhered to different materials applied in oral rehabilitation supported by dental implants. Sixty samples were divided into four groups: feldspar-based porcelain, CoCr alloy, commercially pure titanium grade IV and yttria-stabilized zirconia. Human saliva was diluted into BHI supplemented with sucrose to grow biofilms for 24 or 48 h. After this period, biofilm was removed by 1% protease treatment and then analyzed by spectrophotometry (absorbance), colony forming unit method (CFU.cm-2) and field-emission guns scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). The highest values of absorbance and CFU.cm-2 were recorded on biofilms grown on CoCr alloys when compared to the other test materials for 24 or 48 h. Also, FEG-SEM images showed a high biofilm density on CoCr. There were no significant differences in absorbance and CFU.cm-2 between biofilms grown on zirconia, porcelain and titanium (p<0.05). Microbiological assays associated with microscopic analyses detected a higher accumulation of oral biofilms on CoCr-based materials than that on titanium or zirconia that are used for prosthetic structures.

Comparison of biofilm formation and migration of Streptococcus mutans on tooth roots and titanium miniscrews

“…Surface roughness is a key factor in biofilm for developing biofilms. The higher surface roughness facilitates easier bacterial attachment to the surface and initiates formation of biofilm (Dhir, 2013; Souza et al, 2016; Subramani et al, 2009). …”

“…As the biofilm expands and matures, its virulence increases. Surface properties of implants, chemical composition, roughness, free energy, surface topography and surface stiffness, and so on have direct influence on the nature of bacteria colonization and biofilm formation (Busscher, Rinastiti, Siswomihardjo, & Van der Mei, 2010; Dhir, 2013; Souza et al, 2016; Subramani, Jung, Molenberg, & Hämmerle, 2009). Periodontal biofilm microbiota has been thoroughly investigated and characterized, and Streptococcus mutans ( S .…”

Inhibition of multi‐species oral biofilm by bromide doped bioactive glass

“…Most of the studies report that the BG antibacterial effect against specific planktonic bacteria do not reflect realistic conditions of biofilm growth and pathogenicity at infected areas . Biofilm is a well‐organized microbial community embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix composed of polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins and water, that adheres to different surfaces such as teeth, rehabilitation synthetic materials, bone, and soft tissues . As a result of a complex well‐organized structure, bacteria embedded in biofilm is 1000 times more resistant to antibiotic therapy compared to planktonic bacteria .…”

Custom‐made root‐analogue zirconia implants: A scoping review on mechanical and biological benefits

“…The absence of a microgap between implant and abutment seem to be of benefit since there is non‐retentive region for bacterial adherence . From a biological point of view, zirconia has demonstrated a low affinity to biofilm accumulation, small amounts of inflammatory infiltrate and good soft tissue integration, that might reduce the risk for peri‐implant diseases . Nevertheless, root‐analogue implants have some limitations, being restricted to cases of extraction of periodontally healthy tooth with appropriate deep socket, atraumatic extraction, sufficient bone support, and absence of periapical pathologies .…”