Biofilm formation in total hip arthroplasty: prevention and treatment

García‐Gareta, Elena; Davidson, Christopher J.; Levin, Alexandra; Coathup, Melanie; Blunn, Gordon

doi:10.1039/c6ra09583f

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Biofilms exert increased protection from the host immune system and an increased resistance to antibiotic therapy in comparison to their planktonic counterparts [15]. Organisms that produce biofilm show much greater resistance to antibiotics than their free living counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Abdulrahim¹,

Kachallah²,

Rabi’u³

et al. 2019

OJMM

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This study evaluated biofilm formation and antibiotic susceptibility in 36 clinical S. aureus isolates recovered from orthopaedic patients and detected the presence of intercellular adhesion and adhesin genes. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from nasal swab, wound and urine specimens collected from orthopaedic patients in National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano over a period of three months. The isolates were identified using rapid identification kit for Staphylococcus species. The antibiotics susceptibility of the isolates was determined using modified disc diffusion method. Phenotypically, the biofilm formation was assessed using the Congo red agar method and microtitre plate assay. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was used to detect biofilm-associated genes and characterize the isolates. The isolation rate of S. aureus from the samples (n = 134) was 26.8%, mainly from nasal swab (36%) and wound swab (36%). A total of 19 (52.7%) of the isolates showed positive for slime production. Majority of the isolates 29/36 (81.6%) were biofilm positive with only 2 (5.5%) and 5 (13.8%) as strong biofilm-formers and moderate biofilm-formers respectively. Molecular evaluation of the biofilm-associated genes in 12 S. aureus isolates revealed the prevalence of bbp genes (25%), clfA genes (16.6%) and the icaA (8.3%). None of the isolates harboured the fnbA and cna genes. There is no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the antibiotic resistance pattern between biofilm-positive and biofilm-negative S. aureus isolates. This result revealed that phenotypically most of the S. aureus isolates were biofilm formers but few of them chromosomally harbour the biofilm-associated genes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Abdulrahim¹,

Kachallah²,

Rabi’u³

et al. 2019

OJMM

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“…On the other hand, the foreign body reaction after the implantation gives rise to an interstitial milieu or a locus minus resistentiae, which is an immunosuppressed fibroinflammatory zone [52]. This zone is a relatively inaccessible environment for the immune response due to the absence of normal blood supply to the periprosthetic tissue [53], which impairs the ability of lymphocytes, antibodies, and certain antibiotics to properly reach the implant surface and thus prevent and fight infection via the systemic route.…”

Section: Local Preventive Antibiotic-based Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Argyria, a disease caused by physiologic silver cation overload, was reported in nearly 22% patients who have received silver-coated prostheses [67]. Therefore, the release of silver ions to the human body after implantation of silver-coated prostheses should be investigated [52]. Impaired osteointegration, which is a special concern for arthroplasty, was generally tested in in vitro co-culture models [68].…”

Section: Long Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics- and Heavy Metals-Based Titanium Alloy Surface Modifications for Local Prosthetic Joint Infections

2021

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Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the second most common cause of arthroplasty failure. Though infrequent, it is one of the most devastating complications since it is associated with great personal cost for the patient and a high economic burden for health systems. Due to the high number of patients that will eventually receive a prosthesis, PJI incidence is increasing exponentially. As these infections are provoked by microorganisms, mainly bacteria, and as such can develop a biofilm, which is in turn resistant to both antibiotics and the immune system, prevention is the ideal approach. However, conventional preventative strategies seem to have reached their limit. Novel prevention strategies fall within two broad categories: (1) antibiotic- and (2) heavy metal-based surface modifications of titanium alloy prostheses. This review examines research on the most relevant titanium alloy surface modifications that use antibiotics to locally prevent primary PJI.

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“…This heterogeneity is due to numerous factors that interact at different concentrations through the biofilm thickness. Thus, gradients of nutrients, oxygen, or antimicrobial molecules (among other factors) are present, and they affect bacteria according to their position in the biofilm [ 8 ]. Matrix and bacteria are intertwined to organize a mature biofilm and, in this state, bacteria can metabolically be very different from one another.…”

Section: Role Of Bacterial Biofilm In Prosthetic Joint Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Tolerance of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm in Periprosthetic Joint Infections and Antibiofilm Strategies

et al. 2020

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The need for bone and joint prostheses is currently growing due to population aging, leading to an increase in prosthetic joint infection cases. Biofilms represent an adaptive and quite common bacterial response to several stress factors which confer an important protection to bacteria. Biofilm formation starts with bacterial adhesion on a surface, such as an orthopedic prosthesis, further reinforced by matrix synthesis. The biofilm formation and structure depend on the immediate environment of the bacteria. In the case of infection, the periprosthetic joint environment represents a particular interface between bacteria, host cells, and the implant, favoring biofilm initiation and maturation. Treating such an infection represents a huge challenge because of the biofilm-specific high tolerance to antibiotics and its ability to evade the immune system. It is crucial to understand these mechanisms in order to find new and adapted strategies to prevent and eradicate implant-associated infections. Therefore, adapted models mimicking the infectious site are of utmost importance to recreate a relevant environment in order to test potential antibiofilm molecules. In periprosthetic joint infections, Staphylococcus aureus is mainly involved because of its high adaptation to the human physiology. The current review deals with the mechanisms involved in the antibiotic resistance and tolerance of Staphylococcus aureus in the particular periprosthetic joint infection context, and exposes different strategies to manage these infections.

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Biofilm formation in total hip arthroplasty: prevention and treatment

Abstract: This review assesses the current knowledge on treatments, pathogenesis and the prevention of infections associated with orthopaedic implants, with a focus on total hip arthroplasty.

Cited by 7 publications

References 160 publications

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Antibiotics- and Heavy Metals-Based Titanium Alloy Surface Modifications for Local Prosthetic Joint Infections

Antibiotic Tolerance of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm in Periprosthetic Joint Infections and Antibiofilm Strategies

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Biofilm formation in total hip arthroplasty: prevention and treatment

Abstract: This review assesses the current knowledge on treatments, pathogenesis and the prevention of infections associated with orthopaedic implants, with a focus on total hip arthroplasty.

Cited by 7 publications

References 160 publications

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Antibiotics- and Heavy Metals-Based Titanium Alloy Surface Modifications for Local Prosthetic Joint Infections

Antibiotic Tolerance of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm in Periprosthetic Joint Infections and Antibiofilm Strategies

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Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria