Biodegradation of fluoranthene by Paenibacillus sp. strain PRNK-6: a pathway for complete mineralization

Abstract

A high-efficiency fluoranthene-degrading bacterium Paenibacillus sp. PRNK-6 was isolated from PAH-contaminated soil. The strain degrades 96% (240 mg l) of fluoranthene in 48 h. Various metabolic intermediates of fluoranthene catabolism were identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). Metabolite characterization, metabolite-feeding experiments, and appropriate enzyme activities in the cell-free extracts suggest the existence of a bifurcated pathway down the phthalic acid for complete mineralization of fluoranthene in PRNK-6. In this strain, fluoranthene catabolism begins by the attack on the fused aromatic ring portion of fluoranthene. Two terminal aromatic metabolites protocatechuate and catechol undergo ring cleavage by protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, respectively, and enter the central metabolism.

Biodegradation of mixed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Pseudomonas sp. isolated from estuarine sediment

“…Compared to this, Pseudomonas oleovorans (Isolate NIO SV8) reported in this study showed higher (70.61% of 75 ppm) degradation of Flt within 5 days. Reddy et al (2018) have reported Flt degradation higher than the present study, with 96% degradation of 240 ppm Flt using Paenibacillus sp. within 2 days.…”

“…Flt and Pyr are the HMW PAHs mainly composed of 4 aromatic rings. Flt is a non-alternant PAH that is ubiquitously present in the environment (Reddy et al 2018;Ghosal et al 2016), while pyrene is alternant and peri-condensed PAH and possesses symmetrical structure. They are genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic (Gupta, Kumar, and Pal 2019).…”

“…International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified Flt and Pyr as a Group-3 carcinogen (IARC 2010). However, only a few studies have been carried out on biodegradation of Flt using bacterial strains from genera Sphingomonas, Mycobacterium, Burkholderia, Rhodococcus, Stenotrophomonas (Reddy et al 2018;Alegbeleye, Opeolu, and Jackson 2017), and degradation of Pyr using strains from genera Rhodococcus, Burkholderia, Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas and Stenotrophomans (Nwinyi, Ajayi, and Amund 2016;Gupta, Kumar, and Pal 2019).…”

Roles of the Gentisate 1,2-Dioxygenases DsmD and GtdA in the Catabolism of the Herbicide Dicamba in Rhizorhabdus dicambivorans Ndbn-20

“…GDO is one of the three groups of dioxygenases that catalyze the ring cleavage of aromatics. The other two groups of ring-cleavage dioxygenases are intradiol dioxygenase (such as protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase) − and extradiol dioxygenase (such as protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase, 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase, and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase). − Many bacterial genera (such as Alcaligenes sp. L6, Bacillus brevis 5ClSAL-l, Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032, Haloferax sp.…”

Biotransformation of Reactive Red 141 by Paenibacillus terrigena KKW2-005 and Examination of Product Toxicity

“…They are used for remediation of various industrial wastes, including petroleum, textiles, pulp and paper, and other chemical industry byproducts that unintentionally or intentionally release large amounts of organic pollutant compounds or heavy metals. They can degrade contaminants in wastewater or at the site of environmental leaks, including fluoranthene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzo[a]anthracene [15][16][17].The essentials affecting the decolorization and biodegradation of azo dye are temperature, pH, dye structure, dye concentration, level of agitation, oxygen, supplementation of different carbon and nitrogen sources, electron donor and redox mediator. All of these straightforwardly influence bacterial decolorization in the biological treatment process, making it more effective, faster, and virtually applicable.…”