Biodegradation of Diesel Oil in Soil and Its Enhancement by Application of Bioventing and Amendment With Brewery Waste Effluents as Biostimulation-Bioaugmentation Agents

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the effects of natural bioattenuation, bioventing, and brewery waste effluents amendment as biostimulation-bioaugmentation agent on biodegradation of diesel oil in unsaturated soil. A microcosm system was constructed consisting of five plastic buckets containing 1 kg of soil, artificially contaminated or spiked with 10% w/w of diesel oil. Biodegradation was monitored over 28 days by determining the total petroleum hydrocarbon content of the soil and total hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. The results showed that combination of brewery waste effluents amendment and bioventing technique was the most effective, reaching up to 91.5% of diesel removal from contaminated soil; with the brewery waste effluents amendment (biostimulation-bioaugmentation), the percentage of diesel oil removal was 78.7%; with bioventing, diesel oil percentage degradation was 61.7% and the natural bioattenuation technique resulted in diesel oil removal percentage be not higher than 40%. Also, the total hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (THDB) count in all the treatments increased throughout the remediation period. The highest bacterial growth was observed for combined brewery waste effluents amendment with bioventing treatment strategy. A firstorder kinetic model was fitted to the biodegradation data to evaluate the biodegradation rate and the corresponding half-life time was estimated. The model revealed that diesel oil contaminated-soil microcosms under combined brewery waste effluents amendment with bioventing treatment strategy had higher biodegradation rate constants, k as well as lower half-life times, t 1/2 than other remediation systems. This study showed that the microbial consortium, organic solids, nitrogen and phosphorus present in the brewery waste effluents proved to be efficient as potential biostimulation-bioaugmentation agents for bioremediation processes of soils contaminated with diesel oil.

The Role of Microorganisms in Bioremediation- A Review

“…Adsorbed fuel residuals are biodegraded, and volatile compounds also are biodegraded as vapors move slowly through biologically active soil. Effective bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil using bioventing has been proved by many researcher [84,85].…”

Enhanced Biodegradation of Spent Engine Oil Contaminated Soil Using Organic Wastes

“…These constraints are driving a search for cheaper and more environmentally-friendly options. One such option is the use of organic wastes that could act as bulking agents and also supply nitrogen, phosphorus and hydrocarbondegrading microorganisms to enhance the remediation process [10]. In addition, it provides an efficient, eco-friendly, cost effective solid waste management option [11][12].…”

Kinetics and Optimization by Response Surface Methodology of Aerobic Bioremediation. Geoelectrical Parameter Monitoring

“…and C/N = 120 had the highest percentage of removed diesel oil and this trend continued throughout the test; • for microcosms with C/N = 180, the highest removal was always achieved with u% = 12% b.w. 9 15 60 1 10 15 120 11 11 15 180 5 12 15 300 5…”

“…In this area, previous studies have demonstrated that good removal efficiency can be achieved when indigenous bacteria are stimulated with mineral salt media in order to aerobically biodegrade soil pollutants without any addition of other carbon sources [9,10].Given the multitude of findings, it can be useful to know the kinetics of the process for planning in situ remediation activities. Moreover, optimization of the process in terms of the optimal operative parameters for a given system of soil pollution can be of help to maximize the achievable results.Several studies [11][12][13][14][15] have shown that hydrocarbon removal can be modeled with first-or second-order reaction kinetics. The complexity of the biological process explains the different results produced by these models.…”

“…Several studies [11][12][13][14][15] have shown that hydrocarbon removal can be modeled with first-or second-order reaction kinetics. The complexity of the biological process explains the different results produced by these models.…”