Biodegradation of aliphatic waste components of oil sludge used micro symbiont of Sponge Niphates sp.

Abstract

Investigation has been carried out using a sponge Niphates sp. as biodegradation agent of the aliphatic hydrocarbon component of crude oil sludge. The experiment was carried out by colonizing and making suspension of Bacillus pumilus strains GLB197 and Bacillus cohnii strains of DSM 6307, isolated from sponge Niphates sp. Both types of micro symbiont suspension were mixed with sludge waste for 30 days. There are five biodegradation parameters observed, carried out every five days of incubation. Parameters that observed during incubation were pH, gas bubbles and fermentation odor. Meanwhile, the optical density of the media was measured using spectrometer-D20+, Aliphatic components degradation was measured using GC-MS. Observation of biodegradation parameters showed there was a change in pH from 7 to 6, formed gas bubbles, resulting in fermentation odors and showed an increased optical density by an average of 35%. These four parameters occur during the interaction of 10-20 days of interaction in the media. There were 20 types of aliphatic components identified in the crude oil sludge waste. Analysis of four aliphatic components, namely Tridecane, Octadecane, Tricosane, and Nonacosane showed a decrease in the average concentration of 48.11 %.

Identification of marine sponges-symbiotic bacteria and their application in degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…This can be used as a reference to the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by these marine sponge symbionts. Marzuki et al (2015a;2020b) has developed morphological analysis and Gram stain tests of sponge-symbiotic bacteria to determine if there is a relationship between the morphology of bacteria and the activity of PAH biodegradation (Marzuki et al 2015b;Marzuki et al 2020a). Phenotype data for sponge-symbiotic bacteria is also one of the variables that can be used as a reference in the tracking of prospective bacteria for biodegradation of PAH components in waste.…”

“…It is a well-known fact that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that include carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds are dangerous (Khabouchi et al 2020;Marzuki at al. 2020a) with two or more fused benzene rings that originate from both natural sources and anthropogenic activities.…”

Comparison of the Strength of Biodegradation of Pyrene between Symbiont Bacteria of Marine Sponges and Bacteria Isolated from Seawater

“…Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are non-polar molecules. The structure is composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, has no charge, a typical characteristic because the ring structure is capable of delocalizing electrons in the aromatic ring [1][2][3][4][5][6] PAH components in nature are naturally available, generally found in coal, petroleum, and organic materials that have undergone thermal decomposition [7][8][9]. Population, dynamics, and efforts to meet the needs of human life, resulting in exploration and exploitation of fossil deposits, coal, and decomposed organic biomass, being carried out more massively, resulting in the potential for disposal of PAH components in nature tends to increase from year to year [4,[10][11][12].…”

“…The effects caused by exposure to pyrenes and similar PAHs on marine ecosystems need to be watched out for because the sea is a giant container that provides space for almost all waste materials on earth, including several types of dangerous and toxic contaminants [9,[27][28][29][30]. If this happens, then a chain effect can occur and is certain to cause problems and impact living things to target human health [8,31].…”

“…Isolates from hydrocarbon contaminated soil, Micrococcus luteus [34], Lasiodiplodia theobromae [36], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [69]. Several bacteria were isolated from marine biota, especially marine sponge microsymbionts, for example, Bacillus Sp strain AB353f, B. pumilus strains GLB197, B. cohnii strains of DSM 6307 and Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus strain PHCDB14 [9,21,70]. Microorganisms associated with mangroves have also been identified to carry out the biodegradation function of PAHs [40,70,71].…”