Biodegradable electrospun nanofibers coated with platelet-rich plasma for cell adhesion and proliferation

Abstract

Biodegradable electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were coated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to improve cell adhesion and proliferation. PRP was obtained from human buffy coat, and tested on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to confirm cell proliferation and cytocompatibility. Then, PRP was adsorbed on the PCL scaffolds via lyophilization, which resulted in uniform sponge-like coating of 2.85 (s.d. 0.14) mg/mg. The scaffolds were evaluated regarding mechanical properties (Young’s modulus, tensile stress and tensile strain), sustained release of total protein and growth factors (PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 and VEGF), and hemocompatibility. MSC seeded on the PRP-PCL nanofibers showed an increased adhesion and proliferation compared to pristine PCL fibers. Moreover, the adsorbed PRP enabled angiogenesis features observed as neovascularization in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Overall, these results suggest that PRP-PCL scaffolds hold promise for tissue regeneration applications.

Platelet-functionalized three-dimensional poly-ε-caprolactone fibrous scaffold prepared using centrifugal spinning for delivery of growth factors

“…The results are similar to those of Diaz-Gomez et al, 15 who observed that adhesion of PRP to PCL nanofibers promotes proliferation of MSCs. Similarly, Buzgo et al 58 found that embedded alpha granules were able to stimulate the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs.…”

“…The study showed that the platelets improved the properties of PCL nanofibers. In a study by Diaz-Gomez et al, 15 PCL nanofibers prepared using electrospinning were soaked in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and subsequently lyophilized. It was shown that growth factors were released from the scaffold-enhanced adhesion and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).…”

Platelet-Rich Blood Derivatives for Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering and Regeneration

“…In alveolar bone cells higher concentrations of PRP suppressed proliferation whereas low concentrations (1-5%) stimulated proliferation [31]. Regardless, PRP exerts a stimulatory effect on the proliferation of stem cells such as MSCs (Figure 2A), exhibiting also dose dependency [41-46]. Murphy and colleagues have shown that PRP derived from human umbilical cord blood had higher proliferation rates in MSCs compared to normal blood [43].…”

“…Although the stimulation of (stem) cell proliferation could be a multifactorial event due to the numerous distinct proliferation stimulating molecules, Stat3/p27 Kip1 promotion of cell cycle progression has been identified as a mechanism [39]. Moreover, PRP can also indirectly stimulate proliferation by enhancing (stem) cell adhesion, highlighting the use of PRP for increased (stem) cell adherence in biomaterials [46]. Besides proliferation, PRP can contribute to an increase in cell expansion rates by reducing cell death.…”

Nanotechnology for mesenchymal stem cell therapies

“…Accordingly, random nanofibers have been recently reported to significantly improve rat MSC proliferation compared to aligned nanofibers [99]. The [96] or in combination with sonic Hedgehog [105], graphene oxide [106], bioceramics [107], growth factors [108], acellular pericardium [109], platelet-rich plasma [110], collagen [104], fibronectin [111], and mussel inspired DOPA-melanin coating for the adsorption of siRNA targeting RE-1 silencing transcription factor [112]. In all cases, depending on the desired application, nanostructural surfaces (whether scaffolds or membranes) have been reported to provide a suitable system to support adhesion and growth of the cell type of interest, and to influence progenitor population activity and function, holding promise for tissue regeneration applications.…”