Biocompatibility of a porous alumina ceramic scaffold coated with hydroxyapatite and bioglass

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the osteointegration and genotoxic potential of a bioactive scaffold, composed of alumina and coated with hydroxyapatite and bioglass, after their implantation in tibias of rats. For this purpose, Wistar rats underwent surgery to induce a tibial bone defect, which was filled with the bioactive scaffolds. Histology analysis (descriptive and morphometry) of the bone tissue and the single-cell gel assay (comet) in multiple organs (blood, liver, and kidney) were used to reach this aim after a period of 30, 60, 90, and 180 days of material implantation. The main findings showed that the incorporation of hydroxyapatite and bioglass in the alumina scaffolds produced a suitable environment for bone ingrowth in the tibial defects and did not demonstrate any genotoxicity in the organs evaluated in all experimental periods. These results clearly indicate that the bioactive scaffolds used in this study present osteogenic potential and still exhibit local and systemic biocompatibility. These findings are promising once they convey important information about the behavior of this novel biomaterial in biological system and highlight its possible clinical application.

Comprehensive In Vitro Testing of Calcium Phosphate-Based Bioceramics with Orthopedic and Dentistry Applications

“…They also employed the Comet assay to investigate potential genotoxic effects on Saos-2 cells and found a dose-dependent increase in DNA degradation, but within the limits of safety (therefore, below any threshold of genotoxicity). Kido et al [86] used the Comet assay as a final assessment for genotoxicity on tissue samples obtained from rats that were exposed to a ceramic scaffold covered with HA and bioglass; their assays demonstrated the lack of genotoxic effects of the investigated material. Oledzka et al [87] investigated the cyto- and geno-toxicity of a new multifunctional composite based on HA porous granules doped with selenite ions (SeO 3 ) 2− , and their study proved that the investigated materials were non-gentotoxic, as demonstrated by the Umu test (carried out on S. typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002).…”

Life is Three Dimensional—As In Vitro Cancer Cultures Should Be

“…In a bladder carcinoma study, polycarbonate scaffolds exhibited parameters consistent with native gall bladder and offered a convenient new research tool (Purdum, Ulissi, Hylemon, Shiffman, & Moore, 1993). b. Porous ceramic nonmineralized or mineralized polymeric scaffolds proved useful for evaluating underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms in mineralized and nonmineralized matrices Kido et al, 2013;Zhang, Jiang, Zhang, Wang, & Zhen, 2013), as in a study of breast cancer bone metastasis (Pathi, Kowalczewski, Tadipatri, & Fischbach, 2010). b. Porous ceramic nonmineralized or mineralized polymeric scaffolds proved useful for evaluating underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms in mineralized and nonmineralized matrices Kido et al, 2013;Zhang, Jiang, Zhang, Wang, & Zhen, 2013), as in a study of breast cancer bone metastasis (Pathi, Kowalczewski, Tadipatri, & Fischbach, 2010).…”

Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PE-CVD) yields better Hydrolytical Stability of Biocompatible SiOx Thin Films on Implant Alumina Ceramics compared to Rapid Thermal Evaporation Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD)

“…Consequently, also chemical and biological surface modification strategies are difficult to develop and can often only be realized via highly aggressive approaches which affect the materials properties. 8,9 To overcome this hindrance, different surface strategies which involved the use of inorganic coatings such as glass 10,11 and hydroxyapatite [12][13][14] were followed.…”