Biochemistry of Antibiotics

Peck, Robert L.; Lyons, John E.

doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.20.070151.002055

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Such organisms tend to be Gram positive whereas the majority of marine bacteria are Gram negative (Zobell, 1946).The technique of exposure for short periods to massivedoses of antibiotic seemed to presuppose that under these conditions it may exert some bactericidal effect. There is some evidence that penicillin exerts a killing effect and may disorganize the ribonucleic acid metabolism of the cell (for references on mode of action of penicillin see review by Peck & Lyons, 1951), but unfortunately the sterility tests used by Fish were conducted in the presence of a concentration of antibiotic that might, in any case, be expected to be bacteriostatic. Information was therefore required on the persistence of the 7-2 100 C. P. SPENCER antibiotic effect of penicillin (or its breakdown products) in sea water.…”

Section: The Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of antibiotics for isolating bacteria-free cultures of marine phytoplankton organisms

Spencer

1952

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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In the course of some studies on the kinetics of growth and the biochemical activities of a marine diatom it became desirable to obtain bacteria-free cultures. The classical method of obtaining such pure algal cultures involves either repeatedly washing single cells in sterile medium or obtaining discrete bacteria-free algal colonies by growth on a solid medium. Both these methods have been widely applied to fresh-water species by Pringsheim (1946) and others, whilst Chu (1946) has used both methods with the marine diatom Nitzschia closterium (Ehrenberg) Wm. Smith forma minutissima.

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Section: The Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the use of antibiotics for isolating bacteria-free cultures of marine phytoplankton organisms

Spencer

1952

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Zerewitinoff Determination

2010

Comprehensive Organic Name Reactions and Reagents

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The quantitative determination of active hydrogens in a chemical substance by means of adding methylmagnesium iodide in pentyl ether to the solution of substrate and quantitatively measuring the volume of gaseous methane evolved is generally known as the Zerewitinoff determination. In addition, Zerewitinoff extended this method to determine the active hydrogens of compounds with hydroxyl, amino, imino, and amido groups. It has been reported that methylmagnesium chloride is less reactive than corresponding bromide and iodide and is unstable when kept standing for a long time. The molecules that react with methylmagnesium iodide fall into two groups. Furthermore, the Zerewitinoff determination has also some limitations. It yields incorrect data for certain types of molecules and has problems with the picrotoxin series of compounds. Such inaccuracy of the Zerewitinoff determination may be partially caused by temperature and solvent effects. This method has been widely applied in early stages for the structural analysis for organic compounds.

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L'Iturine. II. Composition en Acides Aminés, Spectre Ultraviolet et Structure Cyclique

Delcambe¹

1965

Bulletin des Soc Chimique

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Par hydrolyse acide totale on a mis en evidence dans l'iturine 3 Asp (NHz), Glu (NHz), Pro, Ser, Tyr. L'enchainement de ces acides, qui forment un cycle, a ete determine par l'etude des peptides obtenus par hydrolyse partielle. Leur forme optique a ttC dkduite de I'action des Let Daminoacide-oxydases. L'iturine differe des autres antibiotiques antifongiques, dont la structure est connue, par sa composition en acides amines et par ses proprietes.L'isolement et la purification finale de l'iturine, antibiotique antifongique obtenu a partir d'une culture de Bacillus subtilis, ainsi que des mesures de masse molkculaire, sont dCcrits dans notre publication prtckdente (1). D~TERMINATION DES ACIDES AMINESCONSTITUTIFS L'hydrolyse totale est effectude en milieu acide (HCI 6N), en tubes scellCs, a 120°C. On sait que dans ces conditions il y a une destruction totale du Try (*) et partielle des autres acides aminb, variable avec la structure de l'echantillon traitt. Le Try, recherchk B part sur un hydro-~~ (1) L. DELCAMBE, BULL SOC. Chim. Belges, 74, 315-328, (1965). (*) Nous utiliserons les abrkviations proposees par 1'Union Internationale de Chimie Pure et Appliquee et I'Union Internationale de Biochimie (2) : Asp = acide aspartique, Asp(NH2) = asparagine, Glu = acide glutamique, Glu (NH2) = glutamine, Ileu = isoleucine, Leu = leucine, Pro = proline, Ser = serine, Tyr = tyrosine, Try = trytophane, Val = valine, -+ signifie une liaison peptidique dans Ie sens : CO-tNH. (2) D. BERTRAND, Bull. SOC. Chim. Biol., 42, 717-736, (1960).

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Biochemistry of Antibiotics

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

On the use of antibiotics for isolating bacteria-free cultures of marine phytoplankton organisms

On the use of antibiotics for isolating bacteria-free cultures of marine phytoplankton organisms

Zerewitinoff Determination

L'Iturine. II. Composition en Acides Aminés, Spectre Ultraviolet et Structure Cyclique

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