On the use of antibiotics for isolating bacteria-free cultures of marine phytoplankton organisms

Spencer, C. P.

doi:10.1017/s0025315400003714

Cited by 69 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The concentration of penicillin G was selected by reference to the work of Cviic (1953) who showed that which would control many species of marine bacteria. Spencer (1952) had already shown that it was relatively harmless to Isochrysis at this concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Importance of Bacteria in Laboratory Experiments on Rearing the Larvae ofOstrea Edulis(L.)

Walne

1958

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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Preliminary experiments had suggested that the extent of the development of the bacterial flora which develops when sea water is confined in small vessels is an important factor in the laboratory culture of oyster larvae. In the experiments reported in this paper the growth and settlement of oyster larvae was compared in controls of normal sea water with those in which the bacterial flora was controlled with antibiotics.A concentration of 50 i.u. of the sodium salt of penicillin G per ml. suppressed bacterial growth for at least 2 days and, in a series of experiments using fifteen different broods of larvae, significantly (P>0·001) more spat were obtained in those to which penicillin had been added than in the controls.A mixture of 50 units of penicillin G and 0·05 mg streptomycin sulphate was tried in three series of experiments. This completely suppressed the development of bacteria for at least nine days. In all three series many more spat were obtained than in the controls, but in only one series was there more spat than in the comparable penicillin experiment. It is suggested that when the bacterial population is very vigorous, or perhaps when certain species are present, this mixture will be more useful than penicillin alone. Experiments with other concentrations of penicillin, and with streptomycin and chloromycetin alone were not successful.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Importance of Bacteria in Laboratory Experiments on Rearing the Larvae ofOstrea Edulis(L.)

Walne

1958

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…Despite the fact that the combination tested on T1 had been previously used (Spencer 1952, Borojevic 1966, Harms 1986, Roberts et al 2007, Pringault et al 2009, Trotted et al 2011), the concentration used had never been tested on invertebrate cultures. Spencer (1952) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combinations of antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin have been widely used in cultivation with positive survival and growth results in the species of interest (Spencer 1952), with some authors adding neomycin (Droop 1967(Droop , agostini 2014 and chloramphenicol (Droop 1967), thus increasing the efficiency in inhibiting bacterial growth. On the other hand, the individual application of oxytetracycline hydrochloride has shown significant results in the reduction of bacterial diseases in fish (Pereira Jr. et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antibiotics as a methodological procedure to inhibit free-living and biofilm bacteria in marine zooplankton culture

Agostini

Macêdo

Muxagata

2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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There is a problem with keeping culture medium completely or partially free from bacteria. The use of prokaryotic metabolic inhibitors, such as antibiotics, is suggested as an alternative solution, although such substances should not harm non-target organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments in inhibiting free-living and biofilm bacteria and their half-life in artificial marine environment using the copepod Acartia tonsa as bioindicador of non-harmful antibiotic combinations. Regarding to results, the application of 0.025 g L -1 penicillin G potassium + 0.08 g L -1streptomycin sulphate + 0.04 g L -1 neomycin sulphate showed great potential for use in marine cultures and scientific experiments without lethal effects to non-target organisms. The effect of this combination starts within the first six hours of exposure and reduces up to 93 % the bacterial density, but the half-life is short, requiring replacement. No adverse changes in water quality were observed within 168 hours of exposure. As a conclusion, we can infer that this treatment was an effective procedure for zooplankton cultures and scientific experiments with the aim of measuring the role of free-living and biofilm in the marine community.

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“…The media used were: (i) peptone sea water, (ii) peptone sea-water agar, (ill) casein sea-water agar, as described by Spencer (1952).…”

Section: Sterility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological differences between sea waters: experiments in 1960

Wilson

Armstrong

1961

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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The experiments during the 1953 season were arranged to investigate certain criticisms and suggestions made to us after publication of the earlier work (Wilson, 1951;Wilson & Armstrong, 1952), and there were included tests of our own devising intended to narrow the field within which must be made any search for an explanation of the observed biological differences between sea waters from different localities. We were again unable to obtain water from the Celtic Sea and once more, by kind co-operationof the Millport Marine Station, used water from the Firth of Clyde instead. Both the Eland Clyde waters were collected on the same day and the fertilizations of Echinus esculentuswere made and the experiments started 4 days later, which was the minimum time possible after collectionof the Clyde water. Every experiment included a control comparison of the two waters.One of the more interesting investigations last year was the effect on the larvae of Echinus of water passed through active carbon. Unfortunately further investigation, as detailed below (p. 351),showed that the sample of carbon used contained a significant amount of copper, and the results obtained may be therefore attributable to the presence of that metal. This was found by analysis of the carbon and checked by analysis of sea water passed through it and, later, by the addition of copper to sea water ina section of Exp. I below. Messrs Sutcliffe, Speakman and Co., on being informed of our observations, very kindly supplied a sample of activecarbon substantially free from copper with which wewere able to repeat last year's experiment with different results.In a review(

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On the use of antibiotics for isolating bacteria-free cultures of marine phytoplankton organisms

Cited by 69 publications

References 5 publications

The Importance of Bacteria in Laboratory Experiments on Rearing the Larvae ofOstrea Edulis(L.)

The Importance of Bacteria in Laboratory Experiments on Rearing the Larvae ofOstrea Edulis(L.)

Evaluation of antibiotics as a methodological procedure to inhibit free-living and biofilm bacteria in marine zooplankton culture

Biological differences between sea waters: experiments in 1960

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