Biochemical and Technological Properties of Rosa Canina L. Fruits from Spontaneous Flora of Oltenia, Romania

Abstract

Rosa canina (wild rose, bush, bramble, dog rose, rosehip) is a shrub commonly encountered in the wild flora of Romania, spread from the coast up to altitudes of 1200 m (1700), with low requirements to pedoclimatic factors. From this species are used the false-fruits (Cynosbati fructus) mature, dried, harvested from wild flora or cultures, with food and therapeutic importance, due to their multiple properties, but mostly because of its high content of vitamin C. In this way, it were studied the germoplasm sources existent in some areas of Oltenia (Romania) to identify valuable biotypes from biochemically and technologically point of view. The results indicate a high and very high variability of the analyzed parameters. Thus, the content of TSS was recorded between 10% (B2) and 18% (M1), vitamin C varied from 53mg/100g (B3) to 563 mg /100g to populations (S1 , S3) and acidity from 1.4% (B3) to 3.6% (M4). Recorded values for the mass of 100 fruit, between 117g (A1) and 286g (B3 and T4) and the percentage of pulp/100g fruit ranged from 49.2 (M1) and 66.5 (T1).

Fruit Properties of Rose Hip (Rosa spp.) Genotypes Selected from Akkuş, Ordu Province

“…The promising genotypes had a range of 560-1025 mg 100g -1 for Vitamin C content. In many studies, the ranges of vitamin C content per 100 g fresh weight for rosehip genotypes and selections were reported as 1074-2557 mg (Ercişli and Eşitgen, 2004), 301-1183 mg (Kazankaya et al, 2005), 305-945 mg (Kızılcı, 2005), 108-908 mg (Dölek, 2008), 517-1032 mg (Çelik et al, 2009), 438-766 mg (Sağır, 2010), 616-867 mg (Rosu et al, 2011), 330-535 mg (Yıldız and Çelik, 2011), 414-916 mg (Ekincialp and Kazankaya, 2012), 372-737 mg (Cheikh-Affene at al., 2013), 332-1603 mg (Ersoy and Özen, 2013), 53-563 mg (Soare et al, 2015), 540-1315 mg (Akkuş, 2016) and 402-511 mg (Alp et al, 2016). Many selected genotype of this study had vitamin C content similar to those of related studies.…”

“…from Tunisia had a range of 0.9-1.9 g for fruit weight and 63.6-73.7% for fruit flesh ratio. Soare et al (2015) recorded 1.17-2.86 g fruit weight for rose hip genotypes (Rosa spp.) from Romania.…”

“…For rose hip (Rosa spp.) genotypes from different areas, TSS ranges were reported as 31-36.7% Eşitgen, 2004), 14.8-36.2% (Kazankaya et al, 2005), 14-30.8% (Kızılcı, 2005), 22-40% (Türkben et al, 2005), 15.9-32.8% (Dölek, 2008), 17.7-28.4% (Çelik et al, 2009), 23.2-33.9 (Sağır, 2010), 11.5-17.6% (Rosu et al, 2011), 15-26.2% (Yıldız and Çelik, 2011), 14.2-27.5% (Ekincialp and Kazankaya, 2012, 24.1-30.5% (Ersoy and Özen, 2013), 10-18% (Soare et al, 2015), 9-32% (Akkuş, 2016) and 17.6-22.8% (Alp et al, 2016). In addition, the promising selections had a range of 1.06-2.48% for TA.…”

Variability in pomological traits of dog rose (Rosa canina L.) under the ecological conditions of the Republic of Croatia

“…Fruit length is a highly variable trait (Soare et al, 2015). In this study, average fruit length values in 2010 varied from 17.94 ± 1.58 mm (G2) to 23.30 ± 3.12 mm (G1) and in 2012 they were somewhat reduced (ranging from 16.83 ± 1.85 mm for G4 to 21.75 ± 3.78 mm for G1), but showed visible variability.…”

“…Also in Turkey (Van region), Celik et al (2009) reported a significant variation in the fruit weight of different dog rose genotypes, which ranged from 2.6 to 4.95 g. In additional research of superior genotypes, Celik et al (2015) obtained values that varied from 2.43 to 4.88 g. Ersoy and Özen (2016) reported that the average fruit weight of Rosa spp. genotypes from Turkey varied from 1.4 to 2.77 g. In Romania, the range of values for average fruit biomass was 1.37-2.88 g for local dog rose populations (Ghiorghiţă et al, 2012b), 1.06-2.74 g (Soare et al, 2015), and 2.19-3.72 g for three dog rose biotypes in three-year research (Ancu et al, 2012). In Tunisia, the average fruit weight varied between 2.99 and 4.34 g in local dog rose genotypes (Güneş et al, 2016), and it was 1.00 g for dog rose and between 0.9 and 1.9 g for six Rosa spp.…”