Biochemical and Haematological Response to Alcohol Intake

Shaper, A. G.; Pocock, Stuart J.; Ashby, Deborah; Walker, Mary; Whitehead, T. P.

doi:10.1177/000456328502200104

Cited by 99 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Recent prospective studies showed that the risk of the metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes increases with increasing serum GGT level (Perry et al, 1998;Lee et al, 2003a, b;Nakanishi et al, 2004Nakanishi et al, , 2003 and GGT has been suggested as an important risk indicator for developing type II diabetes. Despite apparent relation between the GGT level and alcohol intake (Skinner et al, 1984;Shaper et al, 1985), the association between GGT concentration and type II diabetes has been found to be independent of alcohol intake (Lee et al, 2003a, b). Also among subjects with high normal GGT levels, BMI and age are strong risk factors for incident type II diabetes (Lee et al, 2003a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strong association between GGT and incident diabetes has been observed also in nonalcohol drinkers and individuals without increased concentrations of any other liver enzymes. Therefore, this association would not to be explained by alcohol or any hepatic dysfunctions (Lee et al, 2003b), even though high GGT can be a marker of excessive alcohol drinking (Skinner et al, 1984;Shaper et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Coffee consumption, serum γ-glutamyltransferase and risk of type II diabetes

Bidel

Silventoinen

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: To study the joint association of coffee consumption and serum g-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels on the risk of developing type II diabetes. Design, setting and subjects: A total of 21 826 Finnish men and women who were 35-74 years of age and without any history of diabetes at baseline (years 1982, 1987, 1992 and 1997) were included in the present analyses. They were prospectively followed up for onset of type II diabetes (n ¼ 862 cases), death or until the end of the year 2002. Coffee consumption, serum GGT and other study parameters were determined at baseline using standardized measurements. Analyses were stratified by the serum GGT level classified into two classes using the 75th sex-specific percentiles as the cut point. Results: Coffee consumption was significantly and inversely associated with incident diabetes among both men and women. Serum GGT modified the association between coffee consumption and incident diabetes. Subjects in the high category of coffee consumption with the GGT level X75th percentile showed a significant inverse association for women, and for both sexes combined. The association was not significant in subjects with the GGT level p75th percentile. There was a significant interaction effect of GGT and coffee consumption on risk of type II diabetes in data of women (P ¼ 0.05) and in both sexes combined (P ¼ 0.02). Conclusions: Habitual coffee consumption is associated with lower incidence of type II diabetes particularly in those with higher baseline serum GGT levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Coffee consumption, serum γ-glutamyltransferase and risk of type II diabetes

Bidel

Silventoinen

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Correlation between hepatic biomarkers and alcohol intake Hepatic marker levels are affected by the intake of alcohol as well as liver diseases (Skinner et al, 1984;Shaper et al, 1985). In particular, the GGT levels rise with alcohol consumption, even in the absence of chronic liver diseases (Whitehead et al, 1978;Chick et al, 1981).…”

Section: Changes In Ggt Ast and Altmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, experimental acute liver injury with CCl 4 is characterized by centrilobular necrosis resulting from the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species during the metabolism of CCl 4 by cytochrome P450 and the activation of Kupffer cells by free radicals (Recknagel and Glende 1973;Edwards et al, 1993). The damage of liver cells accompanies the release of liver function enzymes, such as g-glutamyl transferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2.6.1.1), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2.6.1.2) into the blood (Skinner et al, 1984;Shaper et al, 1985). Clinically, these enzymes are often used as biomarkers for liver injury or liver diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of purple sweet potato beverage affects on serum hepatic biomarker levels of healthy adult men with borderline hepatitis

Suda

Ishikawa

Hatakeyama³

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To examine the effect of purple sweet potato (PSP) beverage rich in acylated anthocyanins on serum hepatic biomarkers in healthy Japanese men. Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study. Setting: Kumamoto in Japan. Subjects: Healthy adult men (30-60 years) with borderline hepatitis who had one or more of serum g-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspertate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels over normal ranges, and who were negative for hepatitis virus were openly recruited by an advertisement. Of the 48 persons enrolled, 38 (mean age 43.0 years (30-54 years)) completed the study. Methods: The subjects were randomly assigned to the PSP group and the placebo group. During the 8-week intervention, the subjects in the PSP group consumed two bottles of the PSP beverage with acylated anthocyanins (200.3 mg anthocyanins per 125 ml per bottle) per day, and the subjects in the placebo group, two bottles of a placebo beverage (1.7 mg anthocyanins per 125 ml per bottle). All of the data measured were analyzed by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with groups and times. The data of the hepatic markers were analyzed using the Dunnett multiple comparison among the time points and t-test between groups at the same time point. Two-sided Po0.05 were defined as the level of significance. Results: Serum GGT, AST and ALT levels showed interactions (Po0.05) between the beverage groups and time; the others were not affected. The PSP beverage group showed lower hepatic marker levels than the placebo group during the ingestion period, particularly the GGT level (À14.1 IU/l, 95% Confidence intervel (CI) À25.4 to À2.7, P ¼ 0.017 at 2 weeks; À16.8 IU/l, 95% CI À36.2 to 2.5, P ¼ 0.081 at 4 weeks; À26.7 IU/l, 95% CI À47.6 to À5.7, P ¼ 0.014 at 6 weeks and À27.9 IU/l, 95% CI À49.9 to À5.9; P ¼ 0.014 at 8 weeks). No correlation between alcohol consumption and each hepatic biomarker level before and after the ingestion was observed. Conclusion: The intake of the PSP beverage significantly decreased the serum levels of hepatic biomarkers, particularly the GGT level, in healthy men with borderline hepatitis.

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“…In particular, GGT is well known as a marker of alcohol consumption and correlates to alcohol consumption (11,12). Several epidemiological studies have reported that moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (13); however, some epidemiological studies (2,4 -8) have shown that a higher GGT level was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in a dose-response manner.…”

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confidence: 99%

Liver Enzymes Compared With Alcohol Consumption in Predicting the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE -It has been reported that moderate alcohol consumption decreased the risk of type 2 diabetes but that elevated liver enzymes increased it. The comparative importance of alcohol consumption and liver enzymes as predictors of type 2 diabetes remains unconfirmed.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The participants included 8,576 Japanese men, aged 40 -55 years, without type 2 diabetes at entry. Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed if a fasting plasma glucose level was Ն126 mg/dl or if participants were taking oral hypoglycemic medications or insulin.RESULTS -During the 4-year follow-up period, we confirmed 878 cases. In multivariate models, moderate daily alcohol consumption (16.4 -42.6 g ethanol/day) decreased the risk of type 2 diabetes, and higher levels of ␥-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased the risk. In joint analyses of alcohol consumption and liver enzymes, moderate drinkers with the lowest tertile of GGT had the lowest risk of type 2 diabetes. Compared with them, nondrinkers with the highest GGT had the highest risk of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 3.18 [95% CI 1.75-5.76]). At every level of GGT, moderate or heavy alcohol drinkers (Ն42.7 g ethanol/day) had a lower risk of type 2 diabetes than nondrinkers. The relationship of ALT and daily alcohol consumption with the risk of type 2 diabetes was almost the same as that of GGT.CONCLUSIONS -GGT, ALT, and daily alcohol consumption were independently associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Nondrinkers with the highest GGT or ALT had a high risk of type 2 diabetes.

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Biochemical and Haematological Response to Alcohol Intake

Cited by 99 publications

References 24 publications

Coffee consumption, serum γ-glutamyltransferase and risk of type II diabetes

Coffee consumption, serum γ-glutamyltransferase and risk of type II diabetes

Intake of purple sweet potato beverage affects on serum hepatic biomarker levels of healthy adult men with borderline hepatitis

Liver Enzymes Compared With Alcohol Consumption in Predicting the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

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