Bioavailability pharmacokinetics and residues of marbofloxacin in normal and E.coli infected broiler chicken

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was studied following a single intravenous, oral administration in normal broiler chickens and repeated oral administrations in normal and experimentally E.coli infected broiler chickens. The pharmacokinetic parameters following a single intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg b.wt., revealed that marbofloxacin obeyed a two compartments open model, distribution half-life (t 0.5(α) ) was 0.25±0.02 h, volume of distribution (V dss ) was 0.76±0.08 L/kg, elimination half-life (t 0 . 5(β) ) was 5.43±0.87 h and total body clearance (CL tot ) was 0.09±0.002 l/kg/h. Following a single oral administration, marbofloxacin was rapidly and efficiently absorbed through gastrointestinal tract of chickens as the absorption half-life (t 0.5 (ab) : 0.62±0.02 h). Maximum serum concentration (C max ) was 1.15±0.01 μg/ml, reached its maximum time (t max ) at 2.53±0.04 h, elimination half-life (t 0.5 (el) ) was 7.36±0.20 h indicating the tendency of chickens to eliminate marbofloxacin in slow rate. Oral bioavailability was 73.57± 1.90 % indicating good absorption of marbofloxacin after oral administration. Serum concentrations of marbofloxacin following repeated oral administration of 2 mg/kg b.wt. once daily for five consecutive days, peaked 2 hours after each oral dose with lower significant values recorded in experimentally infected broiler chickens than in normal ones. Tissues residues of marbofloxacin in slaughtered normal chickens was highly in those tissues lung, liver, and kidneys in chickens and the chicken must not be slaughtered before 3 days of stopping of drug administration. It was concluded that the in-vitro protein binding was 12.33±0.82%.

Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Marbofloxacin in Plasma from Chickens at Different Seasons

“…Marbofloxacin (MAR) is a fluoroquinolone effective against a wide range of important poultry pathogens, including Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Escherichia coli and Pasteurella multocida. It has a low plasma protein binding, it benefits from a rapid and complete absorption, a broad distribution with good concentrations in tissues and bodily fluids, a moderate elimination and a high bioavailability, which are all ideal pharmacokinetic characteristics to use in poultry (4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Determination of Marbofloxacin residues in Rabbit Tissues by HPLC

“…The withdrawal period in rabbits was 2 days after S/C injection of marbofloxacin at a dose of 2mg/kg BW for 5 days as reported by Ligabue et al [17]. The withdrawal period for chickens was 3 days after oral treatment of marbofloxacin at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW for 5 days [22]. According to EMEA [20], the microbiological acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 4.5µg of marbofloxacin/kg BW×60kg (standard body weight of human)=268 µg/person which can be ingested by human over a life time without appreciable risk.…”

Validation Method for Extraction and Determination of Marbofloxacin in Plasma and Edible Chicken Tissues

“…Fluoroquinolones are synthetic antimicrobial agents widely used for their efficacy against pathogens with importance in commercial poultry [5], with their activity being the inhibitor the enzyme gyrase, preventing bacterial replication [6]. Marbofloxacin (MBX) belongs to second-generation fluoroquinolones with Gram-negative antimicrobial activity, some Gram-positive and mycoplasmas [7], including bird pathogens such as Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Escherichia coli [8,9] and Pasteurella multocida [10].…”

“…For MBX identification and quantification, some chromatographic analytical methods have been developed for plasma and edible tissues of chickens, including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector [6,9,[11][12][13]. HPLC with fluorescence detector [14], HPLC with photodiode-array detector [15] and HPLC with MS/MS tandem detector [16,17].…”