Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment

Escher, Beate I.

doi:10.2166/9781843393689

Cited by 50 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 284 publications

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“…In the present study, chemical analysis was complemented with bioanalytical tools. Cell-based bioassays are widely used for water quality assessment and monitoring (Escher and Leusch 2012) and have previously been applied to evaluate water quality from samples taken in the investigated IPR scheme (Leusch et al 2014a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which chemicals drive biological effects in wastewater and recycled water?

et al. 2014

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Removal of organic micropollutants from wastewater during secondary treatment followed by reverse osmosis and UV disinfection was evaluated by a combination of four in-vitro cell-based bioassays and chemical analysis of 299 organic compounds. Concentrations detected in recycled water were below the Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling. Thus the detected chemicals were considered not to pose any health risk. The detected pesticides in the wastewater treatment plant effluent and partially advanced treated water explained all observed effects on photosynthesis inhibition. In contrast, mixture toxicity experiments with designed mixtures containing all detected chemicals at their measured concentrations demonstrated that the known chemicals explained less than 3% of the observed cytotoxicity and less than 1% of the oxidative stress response. Pesticides followed by pharmaceuticals and personal care products dominated the observed mixture effects. The detected chemicals were not related to the observed genotoxicity. The large proportion of unknown toxicity calls for effect monitoring complementary to chemical monitoring.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which chemicals drive biological effects in wastewater and recycled water?

et al. 2014

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“…Comprehensive analysis of uncharacterized but biologically active mixtures of organic contaminants requires additional effect-based approaches to be adopted for analyzing enriched water samples, as a complement to chemical analysis [25,27]. We developed a systematic approach for capturing anticipated effects from such complex chemical mixtures.…”

Section: Effect Detection Using Bioassay Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future water quality monitoring: improving the balance between exposure and toxicity assessments of real-world pollutant mixtures

et al. 2019

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Environmental water quality monitoring aims to provide the data required for safeguarding the environment against adverse biological effects from multiple chemical contamination arising from anthropogenic diffuse emissions and point sources. Here, we integrate the experience of the international EU-funded project SOLUTIONS to shift the focus of water monitoring from a few legacy chemicals to complex chemical mixtures, and to identify relevant drivers of toxic effects. Monitoring serves a range of purposes, from control of chemical and ecological status compliance to safeguarding specific water uses, such as drinking water abstraction. Various water sampling techniques, chemical target, suspect and non-target analyses as well as an array of in vitro, in vivo and in situ bioanalytical methods were advanced to improve monitoring of water contamination. Major improvements for broader applicability include tailored sampling techniques, screening and identification techniques for a broader and more diverse set of chemicals, higher detection sensitivity, standardized protocols for chemical, toxicological, and ecological assessments combined with systematic evidence evaluation techniques. No single method or combination of methods is able to meet all divergent monitoring purposes. Current monitoring approaches tend to emphasize either targeted exposure or effect detection. Here, we argue that, irrespective of the specific purpose, assessment of monitoring results would benefit substantially from obtaining and linking information on the occurrence of both chemicals and potentially adverse biological effects. In this paper, we specify the information required to: (1) identify relevant contaminants, (2) assess the impact of contamination in aquatic ecosystems, or (3) quantify cause-effect relationships between contaminants and adverse effects. Specific strategies to link chemical and bioanalytical information are outlined for each of these distinct goals. These strategies have been developed and explored using case studies in the Danube and Rhine river basins as well as for rivers of the Iberian Peninsula. Current water quality assessment suffers from biases resulting from differences in approaches and associated uncertainty analyses. While exposure approaches tend to ignore data gaps (i.e., missing contaminants), effect-based approaches penalize data gaps with increased uncertainty factors. This integrated work suggests systematic ways to deal with mixture exposures and combined effects in a more balanced way, and thus provides guidance for future tailored environmental monitoring. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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“…Responses of water concentrates (extracts) in bioassays can be used as indicators for the presence of particular (groups of) chemicals that may cause adverse health effects. For rapid screening of potential toxicological effects of chemicals in water, in vitro (for example reporter gene) and small‐scale in vivo (such as algae, daphnids, and fish embryos) models are preferred over testing in large intact organisms (in vivo) (e.g., Escher and Leusch ; Hamers et al ; Leusch and Snyder ; Prasse et al ; Wernersson et al ). In vitro and small‐scale in vivo assays are preferred over in vivo studies because of cost and time efficiency, because smaller sample volumes are sufficient, and because in vitro assays give information on specific toxicity pathways (National Research Council 2007).…”

Section: Selection Of Effect‐based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because there are many in vitro bioassays available (Richard et al ) that can be used to test effects on different biological processes in different types of models (e.g., cells from different organs or species), it is necessary to select the most relevant set of bioassays for water quality monitoring. Although a broad selection of toxic endpoints will gain a more complete picture of possible effects of unexpected or unknown chemicals (Escher and Leusch ), time and cost‐effectiveness should also be included in these considerations.…”

Section: Selection Of Effect‐based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk‐based approach in the revised European Union drinking water legislation: Opportunities for bioanalytical tools

Dingemans

Baken

Oost³

et al. 2018

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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A plethora of in vitro bioassays are developed in the context of chemical risk assessment and clinical diagnostics to test effects on different biological processes. Such assays can also be implemented in effect-based monitoring (EBM) of (drinking) water quality alongside chemical analyses. Effects-based monitoring can provide insight into risks for the environment and human health associated with exposure to (unknown) complex, low-level mixtures of micropollutants, which fits in the risk-based approach that was recently introduced in the European Drinking Water Directive. Some challenges remain, in particular those related to selection and interpretation of bioassays. For water quality assessment, carcinogenesis, adverse effects on reproduction and development, effects on xenobiotic metabolism, modulation of hormone systems, DNA reactivity, and adaptive stress responses are considered the most relevant toxicological endpoints. An evaluation procedure of the applicability and performance of in vitro bioassays for water quality monitoring, based on existing information, has been developed, which can be expanded with guidelines for experimental evaluations. In addition, a methodology for the interpretation of in vitro monitoring data is required, because the sensitivity of specific in vitro bioassays in combination with sample concentration may lead to responses of chemicals (far) below exposure concentrations that are relevant for human health effects. Different approaches are proposed to derive effect-based trigger values (EBTs), including EBTs based on (1) relative ecotoxicity potency, (2) health-based threshold values for chronic exposure in humans and kinetics of reference chemicals, and (3) read-across from (drinking) water guideline values. Effects-based trigger values need to be chosen carefully in order to be sufficiently but not overly conservative to indicate potential health effects. Consensus on the crucial steps in the selection and interpretation of in vitro bioassay data will facilitate implementation and legal embedding in the context of water quality monitoring of such assays in EBM strategies. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;00:000-000. © 2018 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

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Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment

Cited by 50 publications

References 284 publications

Which chemicals drive biological effects in wastewater and recycled water?

Which chemicals drive biological effects in wastewater and recycled water?

Future water quality monitoring: improving the balance between exposure and toxicity assessments of real-world pollutant mixtures

Risk‐based approach in the revised European Union drinking water legislation: Opportunities for bioanalytical tools

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