Bioactive Compounds of Seaweed Padina australis and Eucheuma cottonii as Sunscreen Raw Materials

Abstract

Seaweed is one of the main commodity which spread throughout Indonesian waters. Seaweed contains bioactive compounds which can serve as a defense form ultraviolet radiation. The purpose of this study was to obtain chemical composition, phytochemical compounds, vitamin E, and antioxidant activity of extract P. australis and E. cottonii. Chemical composition of P. australis moisture 87.25%; ash 2.34%; protein 1.05%, fat 0.58%; and carbohydrates 8.78% while E. cottonii moisture 76.15%; ash 5.62%; protein 2.32%; fat 0.11%; and carbohydrates 15.8%. The yield of P. australis extracts using methanol 4.55%; ethyl acetate 0.8%; and n-hexane 0.45%, yield of E. cottonii extracts using methanol 6.6%; ethyl acetate 0.5%; and and n-hexane 0.35%. Vitamin E value of P. australis 162.75 μg/mL and E. cottonii 158.07 μg/mL. IC50 value of P. australis 87.082 ppm and E. cottonii 106.021 ppm. P. australis and E. cottonii contain phytochemical compound such as flavonoids, phenol hydroquinone, and triterpenoids, P. australis was also known contain tannins and<br />saponins.

Nutrient Content, Active Compound and Antibacterial Activity of Padina australis against Aeromonas hydropilla

“…The water content of P. australis from Kelapa Lima coastal waters, Kupang Bay, was 11.21%, and it is different from that reported by Fitrya 20 , only 6.4%, and Maharany et al 7 , 87.25%. This difference could be influenced by light intensity and temperature at the drying process.…”

“…17 These differences could result from dissimilarity in harvest age and weather condition at the rearing period. 7 Furthermore, carbohydrate content in P. australis was higher than in Tidung island, Kupang Bay, only 8.78% 7 and in Souttheast Coast of India, 14.73% 18 , but lower than carbohydrate content in P. gymnospora from Sabah Malaysia, 84.54% 19 and from Tamilnadu, India, 118.14% 16 , and than that in P. minor found in Pahuwato waters, Gorontalo, 41.88 %. 5 The interspecific difference in carbohydrate content reflects that nutrients of macroalgae could be affected by species and habitat.…”

“…Protein and fat content of P. australis found in Kelapa Lima coast, Kupang Bay, was higher than in Tidung waters, Seribu Islands, only 1.05% protein and 0.58% fat. 7 Compared with other species of macroalgae, P. minor found in Pahuwato waters, Gorontalo, has only 4.78% protein and 0.52% fat 5 , P. gymnosprora in India contains only 5.704% protein and 0.02% fat 16 , and P. tetrastomatica contains 10.5% protein and 1.14% fat. 17 These differences could result from dissimilarity in harvest age and weather condition at the rearing period.…”

Antibacterial Potential of Aqueous Extracts and Compounds from Selected Brown Seaweeds

“…[20] However, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, tannins, phenol, and cardiac glycosides are absent in aqueous extract of P. australis. This is in contrast with the study of Maharany et al which showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and saponins in methanolic extract of P. australis [21].…”

The Screening of Green Algae Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) as an Antioxidant from the Coast of West Aceh

“…Ekstrak pigmen karotenoid H. discoidea mempunyai nilai IC50 = 99,65 ppm yang menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat (Agusti 2015). Aktivitas antioksidan makroalga tersebut telah banyak diaplikasikan, di antaranya untuk bahan kosmetik berupa tabir surya (Luthfana et al 2017;Maharany et al 2017;Yanuarti et al 2017).…”