Bioactive coating on titanium implants modified by Nd:YVO4 laser

Abstract

Apatite coating was applied on titanium surfaces modified by Nd:YVO 4 laser ablations with different energy densities (fluency) at ambient pressure and atmosphere. The apatites were deposited by biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid solution that simulates the salt concentration of bodily fluids. The titanium surfaces submitted to the fast melting and solidification processes (ablation) were immersed in the simulated body fluid solution for four days. The samples were divided into two groups, one underwent heat treatment at 600 • C and the other dried at 37 • C. For the samples treated thermally the diffractograms showed the formation of a phase mixture, with the presence of the hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, calcium deficient hydroxyapatite, carbonated hydroxyapatite and octacalcium phosphate phases. For the samples dried only the formation of the octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite phases was verified. The infrared spectra show bands relative to chemical bonds confirmed by the diffraction analyses. The coating of both the samples with and without heat treatment present dense morphology and made up of a clustering of spherical particles ranging from 5 to 20 m. Based on the results we infer that the modification of implant surfaces employing laser ablations leads to the formation of oxides that help the formation of hydroxyapatite without the need of a heat treatment.

Topographic characterization of cp-Ti implants with machined and modified surface by LASER

“…Surface modification by laser beam was shown to be a promising method for treatment of implant surfaces because it is clean, reproducible and economically viable (Cho & Jung, 2003;Sisti, et al, 2013). It is considered clean because it does not interact with external materials during the surface characterization process has a high degree of purity and roughness capable of promoting good osseointegration, and, furthermore there is no contamination of the oxide layer of titanium, since the technique does not use chemical elements (Filho, et al, 2011). The laser applied is of high intensity carried by optical fibers, which results in a greater homogeneity of this intensity on the surface of the implant.…”

“…The laser presents the physicochemical properties of the formation of an oxygen-rich layer and the incorporation of nitrogen during the rapid melting and solidification of titanium (Gaggl, et al, 2000;Braga, et al, 2007;Queiroz, et al, 2013;Sisti, et al, 2013). The modification of the surface by laser beam leads to the formation of erosions on this surface, making it rough (Filho, et al, 2011). Cho and Jung (2003) compared machined implants with a laser-modified surface by means of topographic analysis (SEM) and reported that the laser-modified surface had regular cavities similar to those of a honeycomb, while the machined surface was relatively smooth and with typical machining signals.…”

“…Previous published study (Filho, et al, 2011) evaluated the titanium oxide formed compounds on laser-modified surfaces. The results obtained by the XRD suggested that the fusion and rapid solidification provoked by the irradiation of the laser (in normal atmosphere), induced the formation of titanium oxides, showing that the laser favored the propagation of oxygen atoms.…”

Simultaneous Femtosecond Laser Doping and Surface Texturing for Implanting Applications

“…[ 38 ] The fi eld intensity which is localized in the Titanium and its alloys are widely used clinically as orthopedic and dental implants, artifi cial hip joint and coronary stent, because of their excellent chemical and physical characteristics, such as high corrosion resistance, light weight, high mechanical strength, high melting point, and good biocompatibility. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] For advanced applications of titanium implants, most of the frontier researches are being conducted along the following two type of directions: i) Improving osseointegration, i.e., boosting proliferation rate and adhesion of cells onto bone-implant interface, by surface texturing, [8][9][10][11][12] hydroxyapatite (HA) coating, [13][14][15] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) immobilizing. [ 16 ] Among these technologies, including surface texturing by chemical etching, [ 17 ] lithography, [ 18 ] and sand blasting, [ 19 ] an open problem lies in the diffi culty in producing micro-nano hierarchical structures on titanium implant surfaces, where both the micro-and nanolevel architectures play their indispensable role for enhancing cell adhesion.…”

Avaliação do recobrimento biomimétrico em compósitos de alumina-zircônia texturizadas superficialmente com laser de femtossegundo

“…Observou-se que as amostras tratadas com laser na fluência de 280 J cm As amostras tratadas termicamente tiveram um aumento na produção de partículas esféricas, que são típicas da fase de hidroxiapatita, produzidas pela difusão térmica, que pode ser explicado pelo aumento na cristalinidade do recobrimento (FILHO, et al, 2011).…”