Bio‐electrosprayed Living Composite Matrix Implanted into Mouse Models

Abstract

We show that composite de novo structures can be generated using bio-electrosprays. Mouse lung fibroblasts are bio-electrosprayed directly with a biopolymer to form cell-bearing matrices, which are viable even when implanted subcutaneously into murine hosts. Generated cell-bearing matrices are assessed in-vitro and found to undergo all expected cellular behaviour. Subsequent in-vivo studies demonstrate the implanted living matrices integrating as expected with the surrounding microenvironment. The in-vitro and in-vivo studies elucidate and validate the ability for either bio-electrosprays or cell electrospinning to form a desired living architecture for undergoing investigation for repairing, replacing and rejuvenating damaged and/or ageing tissues.

3D bioprinting and itsin vivoapplications

“…A modification to this system has allowed precise placement of bioink in 3D structures. The cell electrospinning method [Figure (d)] involves formation of constructs with cell‐laden fibers in a random or pre‐organized orientation …”

“…Bioinks utilized in the 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs usually have cells encapsulated in hydrogel solution such as alginate . Synthetic polymers, such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and biodegradable polyurethane (PU), are used for improving the mechanical strength of the construct . The use of hydrogels or other materials to encapsulate cells attempts to mimic the role of ECM in the native tissue.…”

Pharmaceutical Applications of Electrospraying

“…Using both BES and cell electrospinning has shown to be a promising strategy for the production of biomaterials with cells homogenously distributed in the entire structure. This emerging concept and methodology of BES is a novel and cutting-edge technique, which provides a diversity of biological applications, such as constructing 3-dimensional cell cultures and matrices, fully functional microenvironments and cultures as model systems used for understanding pathology, high throughput screening studies in drug discovery and development, 163,164 or for bioanalysis and medical diagnostics. 165 Moreover, synthetic tailormade tissues and organs or controlled and targeted delivery of cell therapies to specific cellular organs which could enable the delivery of personalized medicine and treatment to particular patients with a given disease state can be regarded as an application area of BES.…”

In Pursuit of Functional Electrospun Materials for Clinical Applications in Humans

“…Some efforts have involved fabrication of electrospun cell bearing matrices, which has largely been evaluated in a review by Jayasinghe [75]. Although key challenge is ensuring cells survive the electrospinning process, bacteria have successfully been electrospun [76] and cell-bearing fiber matrices have successfully been tested in mouse models [77].…”