Bio-Based Polyurethane and Its Composites towards High Damping Properties

Abstract

The operation of mechanical equipment inevitably generates vibrations and noise, which are harmful to not only the human body but also to the equipment in use. Damping materials, which can convert mechanical energy into thermal energy, possess excellent damping properties in the glass transition region and can alleviate the problems caused by vibration and noise. However, these materials mainly rely on petroleum-based resources, and their glass transition temperatures (Tg) are lower than room temperature. Therefore, bio-based materials with high damping properties at room temperature must be designed for sustainable development. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of bio-based millable polyurethane (BMPU)/hindered phenol composites that could overcome the challenges of sustainable development and exhibit high damping properties at room temperature. BMPUs with a high Tg were prepared from modified poly (lactic acid)-based polyols, the unsaturated chain extender trimethylolpropane diallylether, and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and 3,9-Bis-{1,1-dimethyl-2[β-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-)propionyloxy]ethyl}-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5]-undecane (AO-80) was added to prepare BMPU/AO-80 composites. Finally, the properties of the BMPUs and BMPU/AO-80 composites were systematically evaluated. After adding 30 phr of AO-80, the Tg and maximum loss factor (tan δmax) of BMPU/AO-80 composites increased from 7.8 °C to 13.5 °C and from 1.4 to 2.0, respectively. The tan δmax showed an improvement of 43%. Compared with other polyurethanes, the prepared BMPU/AO-80 composites exhibited higher damping properties at room temperature. This study proposes a new strategy to reduce society’s current dependence on fossil resources and design materials featuring high damping properties from sustainable raw materials.

Polysiloxane-Based Polyurethanes with High Strength and Recyclability

“…These modified materials can overcome the poor mechanical properties of polysiloxanes, rendering them applicable to textiles [ 38 ], medical materials [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], adhesives [ 42 ], and coatings [ 43 , 44 , 45 ], among others. Compared with aromatic isocyanates [ 46 ], aliphatic 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) are ideal materials for synthesizing aliphatic polyurethanes for biomedical applications, owing to their nontoxicity and yellowing resistance [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Moreover, the water and heat resistances of HMDI-based TPU are better than those of IPDI-based TPUs.…”

Fabrication and Characterization of Green Polyurethane Foams with Enhanced Vibration Damping Capability

“…Hu and coauthors described the damping properties of biobased PU composites. The materials were synthesized using poly(lactic acid) (PLA), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and trimethylolpropane diallylether (TME) as the chain extender.…”

Effect of polyurethane material design on damping ability

“…39 Introducing dynamic aromatic disulfide bonds and disulfide catalysts into polyurethane structure has expanded the effective damping temperature range to 148 C. 40 Excellent damping properties were shown in polyurethane composites. 41,42 However, the high cost of reagents and the complexity of synthesis often occur in the production of high-damping polyurethane materials. Therefore, the search for simple ways to manufacture damping materials is relevant.…”

“…Introducing dynamic aromatic disulfide bonds and disulfide catalysts into polyurethane structure has expanded the effective damping temperature range to 148°C 40 . Excellent damping properties were shown in polyurethane composites 41,42 …”