Binding of an iodinated substance P analogue to cultured anterior pituitary prolactin- and luteinizing hormone-containing cells.

Larsen, Philip J.; Særmark, T.; Mau, Søren Mads

doi:10.1177/40.4.1372633

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…SP-NK1 receptor binding was found in gonadotrophs in cultured anterior pituitary [58]. SP stimulates LH secretion from cultured anterior pituitary cells of female rats [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Involvement of Neurokinin Receptors in the Control of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Rats

et al. 2011

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Abstract. It has recently been shown that neurokinin B, a tachykinin, is associated with GnRH pulse generation in sheep and goats. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of tachykinin receptors in the control of LH secretion in rats. To this end, we evaluated the effect of CS-003, an antagonist for all three neurokinin receptors (NK1, NK2 and NK3 receptors), on pulsatile LH secretion in both sexes of rats with different routes of administration. Both oral and third ventricular administration of CS-003 suppressed LH secretion in both sexes of gonadectomized animals. Furthermore, intact male rats with oral administration of CS-003 showed decreased serum testosterone levels, which might be due to suppressed LH secretion. None of the three subtype-specific neurokinin receptor antagonists showed a significant effect on LH secretion in ovariectomized rats when each antagonist was singly administered. The present results suggest that neurokinins play a role in the control of pulsatile GnRH/LH secretion via multiple neurokinin receptors in both male and female rats. Key words: Luteinizing hormone, Neurokinin, Rat, Receptor (J. Reprod. Dev. 57: [409][410][411][412][413][414][415] 2011) ulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) release is indispensable for regulation of gonadal functions, such as folliculogenesis, spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis, in rodents [1], ruminants [2,3] and primates [4]. The mechanism generating GnRH/LH pulses, called the GnRH pulse generator, has been suggested to be localized in the hypothalamus [5]. Recent studies have revealed that kisspeptin neurons located in the hypothalamus play a central role in regulating GnRH release [6,7]. Kisspeptin neurons have two populations in the hypothalamus [8]: One is located in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), and the other is located in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV). Of these two populations, the AVPV kisspeptin neurons have been reported to be involved in the regulation of GnRH/LH surge [9,10]. On the other hand, the role of ARC kisspeptin neurons is still unclear, but several lines of evidence suggest that the population is associated with GnRH pulse generation [11].Recent studies have shown an interesting and essential aspect of the ARC kisspeptin neurons. Most kisspeptin neurons have neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin (Dyn) in sheep [12], goats [13] and rodents [14], and thus the neurons have been called KNDy neurons [15]. Colocalization of those three neuropeptides in the ARC neurons might be associated with GnRH pulse generation. It has recently been reported that mutations of genes encoding NKB and its receptor are associated with gonadotropin deficiency in humans [16], and central administration of a selective NKB receptor agonist stimulates LH secretion in sheep [17] and monkeys [18]. These reports indicate the significance of NKB/NK3 signaling in GnRH/gonadotropin release in these animal species. In addition to neurokinin B, nor-BNI, a κ-opioid receptor antagonist (KOR), rev...

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“…SP-NK1 receptor binding was found in gonadotrophs in cultured anterior pituitary [58]. SP stimulates LH secretion from cultured anterior pituitary cells of female rats [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Involvement of Neurokinin Receptors in the Control of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Rats

et al. 2011

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“…PRL reporter constructs used were generated by fusing -609/+12 of the PRL gene which was isolated from GH3 cells to the firefly luciferase cDNA in pGL3, as were found exclusively in lactotrophs and gonadotrophs [11][12][13]. Dyn, an endogenous opioid peptide, preferentially binds to the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) [14] and modulates diverse physiological functions, including the processing of memory, pain and analgesia, and immune function [15].…”

Section: Reporter Plasmid Construct and Luciferase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Neurokinin B and Dynorphin A in pituitary gonadotroph and somatolactotroph cell lines

et al. 2012

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“…In a previous report, we had made a similar observation in Siberian hamsters [14]. These findings suggest that the lactotropes do not contribute to the tachykinin pool in the anterior pituitary, although a previous report showed that they contain NK-1 receptors and they may, therefore, be regulated by tachykinins [27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Transgenic Mice Overexpressing the Growth-Hormone-Releasing Hormone Gene Have High Concentrations of Tachykinins in the Anterior Pituitary Gland

Debéljuk¹,

Wright²,

Phelps³

et al. 1999

Neuroendocrinology

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According to recent reports, substance P (SP) is localized in the anterior pituitary gland within subsets of thyrotropes and somatotropes, although earlier electron-microscopic studies described the presence of this tachykinin in mammotropes and gonadotropes. Transgenic mice overexpressing the growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) gene have markedly enlarged pituitary glands, due to hyperstimulation of the somatotropes. Therefore, we speculated that if somatotropes are able to synthesize tachykinins, these peptides should be greatly increased in the anterior pituitary of transgenic GHRH mice. We found that, in accordance with our working hypothesis, both SP and neurokinin A (NKA) were markedly increased in the anterior pituitary gland of male and female transgenic mice, compared with their respective normal controls. In male transgenic mice, NKA was 13.6- and SP 20.2-fold higher than in the anterior pituitary from normal mice. In female transgenic mice, NKA was 40- and SP 100-fold higher than in the anterior pituitary from normal female mice. In male transgenic mice, NKA and neuropeptide K (NPK) contents in the anterior pituitary showed no significant changes between 26 and 50 days of age but significantly increased between 50 days and 5 months of age. The concentration of NKA in the anterior pituitary did not show significant differences between 26 days and 5 months of age, but NPK concentrations in the anterior pituitary significantly decreased with age. In female transgenic mice, NKA content and concentration in the anterior pituitary increased after 35 days of age, but NPK concentrations significantly decreased after 26 days of age. Triiodothyronine markedly decreased anterior pituitary tachykinins, but ovariectomy and estrogen administration failed to significantly affect tachykinin concentrations in the anterior pituitary of transgenic mice. Tachykinin immunostaining was detected in some somatotropes, but tachykinins were also present in cells that were not GH positive. These findings indicate that hyperstimulated somatotropes contain increased stores of tachykinins and that these cells are a source of tachykinins in the anterior pituitary. Tachykinin stores in the anterior pituitary of transgenic mice were affected by thyroid hormones but seem to be insensitive to estrogens. The GHRH transgenic mice may be an interesting model to study the regulation of tachykinin stores in the anterior pituitary gland.

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Binding of an iodinated substance P analogue to cultured anterior pituitary prolactin- and luteinizing hormone-containing cells.

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Involvement of Neurokinin Receptors in the Control of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Rats

Involvement of Neurokinin Receptors in the Control of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Rats

Role of Neurokinin B and Dynorphin A in pituitary gonadotroph and somatolactotroph cell lines

Transgenic Mice Overexpressing the Growth-Hormone-Releasing Hormone Gene Have High Concentrations of Tachykinins in the Anterior Pituitary Gland

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