Benzyl isothiocyanate is the chief or sole anthelmintic in papaya seed extracts

Kermanshai, Rohan; McCarry, Brian E.; Rosenfeld, Jack; Summers, Peter S.; Weretilnyk, Elizabeth A.; Sorger, George J.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00077-2

Cited by 146 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The latter two benefits had been attributed to the presence of sulfurous compounds with chemopreventive properties known as benzyl isothiocyanate (Cowan 1999;Kim et al 2013;Lohiya et al 2008;Pedro et al 2011), The level ranging from 4.0 to 23.3 g/kg depending on the various processing methods for the pre-treatment of papaya seeds (Kermanshai et al 2001;Lee et al 2011). BITC is also found to have cancer preventive properties by controlling phase I drug-metabolizing enzymes and phase II detoxification enzymes (Kim et al 2013;Zhang et al 1992).…”

Section: Research Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quantity of papaya produced in Nigeria is projected to be 765,000 metric tonnes yearly and this makes Nigeria to be one of its largest producers (FAO 2007). Aqueous and organic extracts of the seeds have anti-helmintic activity against Caenorhabditis elegans (Kermanshai et al 2001), prevent the growth of trichomoniasis (Calzada et al 2007), and Escherichia coli (Krishna et al 2008). Nigeria is a unique country with a diversity of oil seeds (Afolabi 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiations and biodegradation techniques for detoxifying Carica papaya seed oil for effective dietary and industrial use

et al. 2015

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Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is toxic in high concentration. The capacity of Aspergillus niger, microwave and ultraviolet radiations to reduce the BITC levels in Carica papaya Linn seed oil were assessed in vitro. BITC at different concentrations were periodically exposed to microwave and ultraviolet radiations for 30 min and 10 h, respectively; and to identify Aspergillus niger for 4 days. Microwave radiation significantly reduced (p<0.05) BITC levels (0.0272, 0.0544, and 0.0816 μmol) to 12.19, 8.99 and 27.5 % respectively within 15 min. Ultraviolet radiation significantly reduced (p<0.05) BITC levels at all the concentrations. A. niger significantly increased (p<0.05) BITC degradation on days 2 and 4 at 0.816, 1.36 and 2.72 nmol. Glutathione activity was significantly increased (p<0.05) while glutathione S-transferase activity significantly reduced (p<0.05) at all concentrations on days 3 and 4 respectively. The three techniques are possible models for improving the dietary consumption of the oil.

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Section: Research Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiations and biodegradation techniques for detoxifying Carica papaya seed oil for effective dietary and industrial use

et al. 2015

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“…The extracts have been proven to be effective against Caenorhabditis elegans and other helminths in vitro and, where tested, in infected animals (Dar, 1965;Kermanshahi, 2001;Krishnakumari and Majumder, 1960;Robinson, 1958). Papaya latex has showed marked in vivo efficacy against the rodent gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Stepek, 1999).…”

Section: Anthelmintic Activity Of Papaya Latexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Papaya: A gifted nutraceutical plant - a critical review of recent human health research

Karunamoorthi¹,

Kim²,

Jegajeevanram³

et al. 2014

TANG [HUMANITAS MEDICINE]

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The plant kingdom is considered to be a repository of modern medicine, attributable to their rich source of bio-active molecules and secondary metabolites. It is indeed the Nutraceuticals that enhance immunity and ensure a healthier life because of their prophylactic and therapeutic values. Over centuries, papaya [Caricaceae; (Carica papaya Linn.)] is a renowned nutritious and medicinal plant. Each part of the papaya like root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, seed, rinds, and latex has its own nutraceutical properties. It serves as food, cooking aid, and Ethnomedicine to prevent and treat wide-range of diseases and disorders. It has also been traditionally used as appetite enhancer, meat tenderizer, purgative, medicinal acne, abortifacient and vermifuge. Over decades, a series of scientific attempts were made to authenticate the nutraceutical properties of papaya. These studies validated that the papaya has antiplasmodial, antitrichochramal, antitrichomonal, antidengue, and anti-cancer activities. They have also exhibited that papaya possesses antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and contraceptive features, and it helps in the management of sickle-cell anaemia, HIV, heart diseases and digestional disorders too. Nevertheless, the responsible bio-active molecules and their mode of actions remain indistinct and imprecise, and this calls for further pharmacological and clinical research on them. Conclusively, papaya is one of the naturally gifted plants; though its nutraceutical properties as a food or as a quasi-drug are poorly understood or undervalued by people. Accordingly, this scrutiny, demand for instigation of public health awareness campaigns to promote papaya consumption, so that the society shall acquire optimal benefits of papaya and in turn prevent and alleviate various diseases and illness.

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“…16,17 O isotiocianato de benzila, encontrado no mamão, pode agir como um inibidor no desenvolvimento de câncer de pâncreas 18 e também como antihelmíntico. 19 Os isotiocianatos de benzila e de feniletila exibiram atividade sobre o câncer de pulmão, aumentando a ocorrência de apoptosis das células cancerosas. 20,21 De forma bem conclusiva, a atividade anti-carcinogênica dos isotiocianatos (ITCs) já foi comprovada e depende, em grande parte, do seu acúmulo no interior das células.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A presença de isotiocianato de benzila no mamão (Carica papaya) já foi relatada em diferentes ocasiões. 1,14,19,25 Neste fruto foi constatado que a concentração de BITC aumenta nas sementes e diminui na polpa, à medida que o fruto amadurece. Da mesma forma, no fruto verde, a concentração de glicosinolato é maior que após o amadurecimento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Determinação de isotiocianato de benzila em Carica papaya utilizando cromatografia gasosa com detectores seletivos

2008

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Recebido em 6/8/07; aceito em 3/7/08; publicado na web em 5/11/08 DETERMINATION OF BENZYL ISOTHIOCYANATE IN Carica papaya USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH SELECTIVES DETECTORS. In the present work, a method was developed and validated for the quantification of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) in the fruits of Carica papaya. The quantification of this compound was carried out by gas chromatography (GC) with selective detectors -nitrogen phosphorus detector (NPD) and flame photometric detector (FPD). The performance of these detectors showed a higher sensitivity of the NPD with a broader linear range of detection. The LOD/LOQ were 0.038/0.100 µg/mL for NPD and 5.78/19.29 µg/mL for FPD. The recovery of the method for BITC was 90,64%. An average value of BITC concentration in all the analyzed samples was 16,23 µg BITC/g.

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Benzyl isothiocyanate is the chief or sole anthelmintic in papaya seed extracts

Cited by 146 publications

References 29 publications

Radiations and biodegradation techniques for detoxifying Carica papaya seed oil for effective dietary and industrial use

Radiations and biodegradation techniques for detoxifying Carica papaya seed oil for effective dietary and industrial use

Papaya: A gifted nutraceutical plant - a critical review of recent human health research

Determinação de isotiocianato de benzila em Carica papaya utilizando cromatografia gasosa com detectores seletivos

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