Bem-Estar De Peixes E a Questão Da Senciência

Abstract

resumo -No Brasil, assim como em outras partes do mundo, a preocupação com o bem-estar dos peixes encontra-se em seus passos iniciais. O bem-estar de peixes, se comparado com o bemestar de outras espécies de animais de produção, é um tópico praticamente ausente para consumidores, produtores e legislação vigente. Porém, as evidências anatômicas, fisiológicas, comportamentais, evolutivas e farmacológicas sugerem que os peixes experimentam sentimentos como dor, medo e outros de maneira similar aos demais vertebrados. Isso sugere que os peixes têm potencialmente a capacidade de sofrer e apresentar outros sentimentos, ou seja, que os peixes são seres sencientes. Esta revisão teve como objetivo discutir aspectos referentes à dor e à presença de consciência nos peixes, visando colaborar com o entendimento da senciência nesses animais. Uma vez reconhecida a senciência em peixes, estes animais são incluí-dos nas considerações éticas acerca de não serem submetidos a sofrimento. palavras-chave: Senciência; cognição; consciên-cia; dor; teleósteo.abstract -In Brazil, as well as in other parts of the World, the concern about fish welfare is in its initials steps. Fish welfare, if compared to the welfare of other species of farm animals, is practically an absent topic for consumers, producers and current law. However, anatomic, physiologic, behavioral, evolutive and pharmacologic evidences suggest that fish experience feelings such as pain, fear and others, in ways that are similar to other vertebrates. This suggests that fish are potentially capable of experiencing suffering and other feelings; in other words, that fish are sentient. The objective of this review was to discuss pain and consciousness in fish, in order to collaborate with sentience understanding in these animals. Once fishes are recognized as sentient beings, these animals are then included into ethical considerations regarding the avoidance of suffering infliction.

The anaesthetic effect of camphor (Cinnamomum camphora), clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and mint (Mentha arvensis) essential oils on clown anemonefish,Amphiprion ocellaris(Cuvier 1830)

“…However, activities associated with management during culturing and preparation for trade, such as catching and classifying individuals by size, are stressful (Pedrazzani, Fernandes de Castilho, Carneiro & Molento ). These handling actions may result in negative behavioural and physiological effects, such as a decrease in feeding, enhancement of aggressive behaviour and susceptibility to disease (Ross & Ross ).…”

Farm Animals’s Cognition and the Tests Used on Its Evaluation

“…The animals' cognitive abilities can be assessed indirectly, making use of behavioral indicators (Pedrazzani et al 2007;Hotzel and Martendal 2010). For this purpose, they are used tests of preference, motivation, memory and learning, which have been applied mainly in livestock, aiming to seek improvements in their life conditions and at the same time, increase their productive indexes.…”

Production Performance and hematological analysis of Zapteryx brevirostris in a Closed System / Desempenho Produtivo e Hemograma da Zapteryx brevirostris em Sistema Fechado

“…Aquatic animals such as fish and shrimp can be kept in a captive system, such as tanks and aquaria, but it is important to control water parameters (temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate) in order to maintain water quality and reduce the risk factors that could harm the health of the animal and, consequently, its death. (SMITH et al, 2004;PEDRAZZANI et al, 2007;NORONHA et al, 2008;DIAS, 2009;OBA et al, 2009).…”