Beitrag zur Frage des Wirkungsmechanismus von Carboxymethylcellulose in Waschflotten

Stawitz, J.

doi:10.1002/lipi.19560580905

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This was probably because PVA did not easily adsorb on polyester in the MES-PVA and AES-PVA formulation washing baths. [26][27][28][29][30] The relationship between the morphology of calcium oxalate and deposition…”

Section: Whiteness Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of calcium oxalate deposition on different fabrics under different sodium oxalate-based detergent formulations

Wang

et al. 2020

Textile Research Journal

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The builder is an important ingredient in detergents. Sodium oxalate is a good non-phosphate detergent builder, which has good calcium-removing properties and good wash performance in detergents. However, sodium oxalate-based detergent formulations face a tricky problem of “incrustation” on fabrics due to calcium oxalate deposition. If sodium oxalate is used in commercial detergents, then “incrustation” must be solved. In this study, we examined the effect of fabric type, anionic surfactant, polymer, and temperature on incrustation and soil redeposition (“secondary” washing effect) of a sodium oxalate-based detergent. The results showed that both the anionic surfactant and polymer influenced the deposition of calcium oxalate on fabrics. Overall, the amount of calcium oxalate deposition followed the order polyamide < polyester < cotton with the same formulation. Finally, good secondary washing effects (low ash deposition and high whiteness retention) formulations were selected by cumulative washing. The formulation of methyl ester sulfonate (MES)-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), MES-polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and alcohol ether sulfate (AES)-CMC had better secondary effects, and the optimal combination of the 12 formulations was AES-CMC.

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Section: Whiteness Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of calcium oxalate deposition on different fabrics under different sodium oxalate-based detergent formulations

Wang

et al. 2020

Textile Research Journal

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“…Bartholome and Buschmann [3] ] by adsorption experiments seemed to show preferential so.ptio of NaCMC, but Stawitz [54] ] by using radioactive Fig. 9.…”

Section: Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…z The radiotracer technique [54,56] showed that lOy of NaCMC were retained per gram of cellulose, in an occluded state, and that any NaCMC in excess of this easily migrated to the fiber surface in the water during the drying operation, a further indication of lack of adsorption. Similar results were obtained with acetate rayon, perlon, and wool fibers, further strengthening the occlusion theory.…”

Section: Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broadly speaking, the principal · role of surfactants in preventing soil deposition results from their ability to reduce the probability of soil attachment to fiber surfaces [ 10], but they would seem to be effective in a much more specific manner. It is characteristic that adsorption by van der Waals' forces leads to equilibrium and is reversible, while adsorption by chemical bonding occurs in stoichiometric proportions and is irreversible [ 54] ; it is the former which generally operates in surfactant solutions (the latter represent stains). Whiteness retention is closely related to sorption of ions or molecules from solution by fabric and soil and suggests reduction in the van der Waals' attractive forces [ 14] .…”

Section: Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simple sorption, solvation, or hydration can be important to subsequent results, and) cotton (a polar fiber), which can sorb as much as b0°~o of its own weight of water, can affect the apparent degree of adsorption of surfactants [54]. It is very likely that the degree of hydration (hydrophobicity) of a fiber can have considerable effect upon soil redeposition.…”

Section: Dtfloccfll4limlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suspending Action by Detergents in the Presence of Substrate

Harris

1959

Textile Research Journal

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E VEN IF a selected cleaning system were comprised of single-component soil, substrate, and detergent solution, and all were essentially pure, the system it. far from &dquo;simple.&dquo; Interactions between substrate and soil, substrate and detergent solution, soil and detergent solution, and of the three phases [36,77] occur, and are difficult to measure. It is understandable why many investigators have attempter measurements in the absence of substrate, but lacking substrate the system is incomplete, and for such a dynamic system as a cleansing operation leaves much to be desired. The present discussion is concerned more with the mechanisms involved in maintaining soil in suspension (preventing deposition or redeposition) in detergent solutions than in soil removal from the substrate.Soil-Detergent Solution Systema Previous discussion of suspending action by detergent solutions has related the ability of detergent systems to prevent the sedimentation of soil particles. Reich [46] ] rightly distinguishes between specific sedimentation (or suspending value), which has relatively little to do with soil redeposition on a substrate; protective action, which prevents particles from adhering to the substrate; and an actual dispersion or redeposition preventive mechanism, operative in dynamic systems where the soil is deflocculated and the particles have lowercd mutual at-' traction. However, it seems certain that even though previous investigators have indirectly utilised the sedimentation technique, this has not been in a specific sense, but as a relative measure of differences in a static (versus a dynamic ) system. Preferential sorption of ions of the suspending agent increases the particle charge or zeta potential, resulting in deflocculation of aggregates of primary particles. This deflocculating effect may be of relatively lesser importance when compared with the mechanical forces involved in the cleaning operation [46], but nevertheless is effective in preventing soil redeposition. '

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Mechanism for the anti‐redeposition action of sodium carboxy‐methyl cellulose with cotton. I. Radiotracer studies

Evans

1967

J. Appl. Chem.

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The adsorption of a l4C-labe1led sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose (SCMC) on to textile fibres and soil particles has been investigated. Attempts have been made to relate the amounts of SCMC adsorbed to its antiredeposition action. The results show that SCMC is only effective as an anti-redeposition agent with fabrics on to which it readily adsorbs from detergent solutions. FabricsThe following fabrics were used: cambric cotton, Kem cotton, cotton poplin, a urea-acrolein resin-treated sample of the poplin, a formaldehyde crosslink sample of the poplin and lightweight nylon. In some of the experiments the fabrics were desized by boiling with a solution containing 0.2 "/, Teepol and 0.2 % sodium tripolyphosphate for 1 hour. SoilsSeveral types of carbon were used as model soils, these were Sterling MT (arithmetic mean particle diameter, d = 4724 A), Sterling FT (d = 1796 A), Sterling S (d = 797 A), Monarch 74 (d = 173 A), and Spheron 6 (d = 250 A), all from Cabot Carbon Co.Aquadag, manufactured by Acheson Colloids Ltd., was used in some of the carbon-soil tests. This is a dispersion of a graphitic material stabilised by ammonia and dextrinous materials.Illite, which was chosen as a typical clay soil, was obtained from Ward's Natural Science Establishment lnc. Other compoundsThe detergents used were sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate-055 (Na-DOBS-055) from Shell Ltd., n-decanol 12 EO from Prices (Brom.) Ltd. and Nonidet P40, a non-ionic detergent manufactured by Shell Ltd. The cotton fluorescer used was Tinopal 4BM from Geigy Ltd.

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Beitrag zur Frage des Wirkungsmechanismus von Carboxymethylcellulose in Waschflotten

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluation of calcium oxalate deposition on different fabrics under different sodium oxalate-based detergent formulations

Evaluation of calcium oxalate deposition on different fabrics under different sodium oxalate-based detergent formulations

Suspending Action by Detergents in the Presence of Substrate

Mechanism for the anti‐redeposition action of sodium carboxy‐methyl cellulose with cotton. I. Radiotracer studies

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