Behavioural aspects influencing plant virus transmission by homopteran insects

Fereres, Alberto; Moreno, Aránzazu

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2008.10.020

Cited by 384 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Vector mobility certainly plays a role in the variation of the contact rate between vector and host, thus affecting the probability of virus transmission (Fereres & Moreno 2009). Such variation in mobility has been reported for vectors infected by a circulative virus: these insects exhibit more movement around experimental arenas than uninfected controls, causing a slight increase in the number of infected host plants (Hodge & Powell 2008).…”

Section: (B) Effect Of Viral Infection On the Vectormentioning

confidence: 99%

The virulence–transmission trade-off in vector-borne plant viruses: a review of (non-)existing studies

Froissart

Doumayrou

Vuillaume

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

121

108

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The adaptive hypothesis invoked to explain why parasites harm their hosts is known as the trade-off hypothesis, which states that increased parasite transmission comes at the cost of shorter infection duration. This correlation arises because both transmission and disease-induced mortality (i.e. virulence) are increasing functions of parasite within-host density. There is, however, a glaring lack of empirical data to support this hypothesis. Here, we review empirical investigations reporting to what extent within-host viral accumulation determines the transmission rate and the virulence of vector-borne plant viruses. Studies suggest that the correlation between within-plant viral accumulation and transmission rate of natural isolates is positive. Unfortunately, results on the correlation between viral accumulation and virulence are very scarce. We found only very few appropriate studies testing such a correlation, themselves limited by the fact that they use symptoms as a proxy for virulence and are based on very few viral genotypes. Overall, the available evidence does not allow us to confirm or refute the existence of a transmission -virulence trade-off for vector-borne plant viruses. We discuss the type of data that should be collected and how theoretical models can help us refine testable predictions of virulence evolution.

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Section: (B) Effect Of Viral Infection On the Vectormentioning

confidence: 99%

The virulence–transmission trade-off in vector-borne plant viruses: a review of (non-)existing studies

Froissart

Doumayrou

Vuillaume

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

121

108

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“…PVY O , PVY C , and PVY N are the historical strains. They were gradually replaced in Europe andfrom an infected source plant to a healthy plant, giving rise to a so-called primary infected plant (Fereres and Moreno 2009). Later on, the virus particles migrate down to the progeny tubers; this migration is called the translocation of the virus (Debokx 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The movement of potato virus Y (PVY) in the vascular system of potato plants

Dupuis

2016

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Potato virus Y (PVY) is responsible for major viral diseases in most potato seed areas. It is transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner, and it is spread in potato fields by the winged aphids flying from an infected source plant to a healthy one. Six different PVY strains groups affect potato crops: PVY C , PVY N , PVY O , PVY N:O , PVY NTN , and PVY N-Wi . Nowadays, PVY NTN and PVY N-Wi are the predominant strains in Europe and the USA. After the infection of the leaf and accumulation of the virus, the virus is translocated to the progeny tubers. It is known that PVY N is better translocated than PVY O , but little is known about the translocation of the other PVY strains. The translocation of PVY occurs faster in young plants than in old plants; this mature plant resistance is generally explained by a restriction of the cell-to-cell movement of the virus in the leaves. The mother tuber may play an important role in explaining mature plant resistance. PVY is able to pass from one stem to the other stems of the same plant through the vascular system of the mother tuber, but it is unknown whether this vascular link between stems is permanent during the whole life of the plant. Two greenhouse trials were set up to study the spread of PVY in the vascular system of the potato plant. The PVY-susceptible cultivar Charlotte was used for both trials. It was demonstrated that all stems growing from a PVY-infected tuber will become infected sooner or later, and that PVY N-Wi translocates more efficiently to progeny tubers than PVY NTN . It was also demonstrated that the progressive decay of the mother tuber in the soil reduces the possibility for virus particles to infect healthy stems through the vascular system of the mother tuber. This new element contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism of mature plant resistance.

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“…The typical feeding behaviour of an aphid includes initial exploratory probes, during which it is assumed the insect 'tastes' the plant to establish whether it is a host or non-host (Fereres & Moreno, 2009). Aphids need more than a minute to penetrate deeper than the epidermis (Pirone & Harris, 1977); the stylet advancing intercellularly before prolonged feeding is initiated by the puncturing of a cell membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual monitoring of Cucumber mosaic virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana following transmission by the aphid vector Myzus persicae

Krenz

Bronikowski

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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The single-stranded, positive-sense and tripartite RNA virus Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was used in this study as a method for monitoring the initial stages of virus infection following aphid transmission. The RNA2 of CMV was modified to incorporate, in a variety of arrangements, an open reading frame (ORF) encoding an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). The phenotypes of five engineered RNA2s were tested in Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana clevelandii and Nicotiana benthamiana. Only one construct (F4), in which the 2b ORF was truncated at the 39 end and fused in-frame with the eGFP ORF, was able to systemically infect N. benthamiana plants, express eGFP and be transmitted by the aphid Myzus persicae. The utility of this construct was demonstrated following infection as early as one day post-transmission (dpt) continuing through to systemic infection. Comparisons of the inoculation sites in different petiole sections one to three dpt clearly showed that the onset of infection and eGFP expression always occurred in the epidermal or collenchymatous tissue just below the epidermis; an observation consistent with the rapid time frame characteristic of the non-persistent mode of aphid transmission.

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Behavioural aspects influencing plant virus transmission by homopteran insects

Cited by 384 publications

References 107 publications

The virulence–transmission trade-off in vector-borne plant viruses: a review of (non-)existing studies

The virulence–transmission trade-off in vector-borne plant viruses: a review of (non-)existing studies

The movement of potato virus Y (PVY) in the vascular system of potato plants

Visual monitoring of Cucumber mosaic virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana following transmission by the aphid vector Myzus persicae

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