Behavior of Specialty Optical Fibers in Crude Oil Environment

Stolov, Andrei A.; Simoff, Debra A.; Li, Jie; Hokansson, Adam S.; Hines, Michael J.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2020.2980812

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The reason for this phenomenon is the excellent gaschromic properties of the WO 3 -Pd 2 Pt-Pt composite film, the optimization of the irrigating power and the signal processing method. The response and recovery times of this sensor are comparable to those of our previous work [ 31 , 32 ], and comparisons with other reported works [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] are also presented in Table 1 . Although the response rate of this sensor is not outstanding, it can give us a clue on how to prepare an optical fiber hydrogen sensor with a high sensitivity and low cost.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Fiber Optical Hydrogen Sensor Based on WO3-Pd2Pt-Pt Nanocomposite Films

Dai

Ruan

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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In this paper, WO3-Pd2Pt-Pt nanocomposite films were deposited on a single mode fiber as the hydrogen sensing material, which changes its reflectivity under different hydrogen concentration. The reflectivity variation was probed and converted to an electric signal by a pair of balanced InGaAs photoelectric detectors. In addition, the performance of the WO3-Pd2Pt-Pt composite film was investigated under different optical powers, and the irrigating power was optimized at 5 mW. With the irrigation of this optical power, the hydrogen sensitive film exhibits quick response toward 100 ppm hydrogen in air atmosphere at a room temperature of 25 °C. The experimental results demonstrate a high resolution at 5 parts per million (ppm) within a wide range from 100 to 5000 ppm in air. This simple and compact sensing system can detect hydrogen concentrations far below the explosion limit and provide early alert for hydrogen leakage, showing great potential in hydrogen-related applications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Fiber Optical Hydrogen Sensor Based on WO3-Pd2Pt-Pt Nanocomposite Films

Dai

Ruan

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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“…PI coating can not only improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the optical fiber sensor, but also effectively protect the optical fiber, and even improve the sensitivity of the sensor [ 84 ]. For an oil downhole monitoring application, the PI-coated fiberoptic distributed temperature sensor can work at 300 °C [ 86 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Pi In Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Study Advances in Flexible Sensors Based on Polyimides

Zhang,

Chai,

Wang

et al. 2023

Sensors

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With the demand for healthy life and the great advancement of flexible electronics, flexible sensors are playing an irreplaceably important role in healthcare monitoring, wearable devices, clinic treatment, and so on. In particular, the design and application of polyimide (PI)-based sensors are emerging swiftly. However, the tremendous potential of PI in sensors is not deeply understood. This review focuses on recent studies in advanced applications of PI in flexible sensors, including PI nanofibers prepared by electrospinning as flexible substrates, PI aerogels as friction layers in triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), PI films as sensitive layers based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in relative humidity (RH) sensors, photosensitive PI (PSPI) as sacrificial layers, and more. The simple laser-induced graphene (LIG) technique is also introduced in the application of PI graphitization to graphene. Finally, the prospect of PIs in the field of electronics is proposed in the review.

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“…Furthermore, advancements have been made in polyimide curing techniques aimed at enhancing the performance of carbon/polyimide-coated optical fibers in hydrogen-rich atmospheres [ 11 ]. However, much of the research conducted thus far has not extensively covered the long-term reliability and adaptability of optical fibers within the confined and extreme conditions of downhole environments, particularly lacking a comprehensive understanding of the anti-aging properties of optical cables subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen permeation [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The primary challenge affecting the lifespan of optical fibers, namely, the signal attenuation in fiber optic sensing elements, remains insufficiently addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Characterization of Aging Resistance Properties of Optical Cables in the Hydrogen-Containing Downhole Environment

Xu,

Li,

Jing

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The utilization of downhole optical cables has significantly enhanced the efficiency and reliability of oilfield production operations; however, the challenging high-temperature and high-pressure conditions prevalent in oil-gas fields markedly reduce the service lifespan of these optical cables. This limitation severely impedes their application and further development in subterranean environments. In this study, a qualitative analysis was conducted on the structural materials utilized in two types of optical cables to identify these materials and assess the high-temperature tolerance and aging resistance properties of the optical fibers incorporated within. It was discovered that hydrogen infiltration into the subterranean optical cables predominantly accounts for their operational failure. To address this issue, an optical loss testing platform was established, facilitating the execution of a high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen permeation aging experiment on the optical fibers, allowing for the evaluation of the hydrogen resistance capabilities of the two types of optical fibers. The findings from this study provide a theoretical foundation and methodological guidance for the optimization of optical fibers, aiming to enhance their durability and functional performance in adverse environmental conditions encountered in oil-gas field applications.

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Behavior of Specialty Optical Fibers in Crude Oil Environment

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Fiber Optical Hydrogen Sensor Based on WO3-Pd2Pt-Pt Nanocomposite Films

Fiber Optical Hydrogen Sensor Based on WO3-Pd2Pt-Pt Nanocomposite Films

Recent Study Advances in Flexible Sensors Based on Polyimides

Experimental Study on the Characterization of Aging Resistance Properties of Optical Cables in the Hydrogen-Containing Downhole Environment

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