Behavior of Flying Debris in Tornado-like Flow

Noda, Minoru; Masai, Kazuhito; Ninomiya, Megumi; Nagao, Fumiaki

doi:10.5359/jwe.38.63

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Figure 8 (a and c) illustrate the typical set of experimental data obtained using 3D-PTV when injecting 100 particles from the core radius position. Similar trajectory behaviours were found in the literature, although studied numerically, when debris were released from the core radius location (Maruyama, 2011;Noda et al, 2013). In the present cases, the debris were injected from the floor simulating the initiation of debris flight in a landscape environment (i.e.…”

Section: Comparison Of Debris Flight Trajectories With No Building and A Building Includedsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Although great effort has been undertaken over the past few decades to model and understand the flow field of a tornado, the flight of debris in a tornado flow field is still poorly understood. It is therefore not surprising that only a little can be found in the literature focusing on windborne debris flight in a tornado-like vortices (Sassa et al, 2009;Maruyama, 2011;Noda et al, 2013;Baker and Sterling, 2017). The current work presents an introductory overview of the experimental investigation of windborne debris flight in tornado-like flow field using a tornado generator and the Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) technique and a methodology to compute debris trajectories using experimental data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Windborne debris trajectories in tornado-like flow field initiated from a low-rise building

Bourriez

Sterling

Baker

2020

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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This paper examines compact debris flight in tornado-like flow fields. The 6 research focuses on physically simulating a specific tornado-like vortex and on investigating 7 windborne debris flight with and without a low-rise building model. The low-rise building 8 model, 1/8 th scale with regard to the vortex core radius, was used to initiate the flight of Styrofoam spheres from its top. Debris motion was recorded using three high-speed cameras and data reduction was performed on open-source OpenPTV software. Flow field characterisation showed that including a building model does not considerably affect the averaged flow field but only the local instantaneous flow field. Debris flight analysis shows that the mean flight distance is not affected by the building model, but a change in the initial direction occurs. Comparison between local wind flow field and initial debris velocities shows good agreement, and therefore the variability in initial directions of the debris flight can be attributed to a wind-driven process. To compare with experimental data, experimental data were incorporated into debris flight equations to compute debris motion. Debris trajectories computed from experimental data show strong visual similarities with experimental trajectories and debris flight analysis presents good agreement with experimental data.

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Section: Comparison Of Debris Flight Trajectories With No Building and A Building Includedsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Windborne debris trajectories in tornado-like flow field initiated from a low-rise building

Bourriez

Sterling

Baker

2020

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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“…The forces on the sheet-debris in this model were derived from wind tunnel testing. Similar to the research of [18,19], Noda and Nagao [20] analyzed the force coefficient of a plate with various wind directions. They investigated the effects of the Tachikawa number and plate aspect ratio on the debris trajectory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Richards et al [18][19][20] utilized numerical methods to solve the classical Euler dynamics equation and developed a six degree of freedom (DoF) deterministic debris flight model. The forces on the sheet-debris in this model were derived from wind tunnel testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Trajectories of Plate-Type Wind-Borne Debris in Turbulent Wind Flow with Uncertainties

Wang,

Huang,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Infrastructures

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Debris poses multifaceted risks and jeopardizes various aspects of the environment, human health, safety, and infrastructure. The debris trajectory in turbulent wind flow is more dispersed due to the inherent randomness of the turbulent winds. This paper investigates the three-dimensional trajectories of plate-type wind-borne debris in turbulent wind fields via the method of numerical simulation. A 3D probabilistic trajectory model of plate-type wind-borne debris is developed. The debris trajectories are numerically calculated by solving the governing equation of debris motion and by introducing turbulent wind flows based on the near-ground wind field measured in the wind tunnel to account for the probability characteristics of the debris trajectory. The dimensionless velocities and displacements of the debris trajectory show good agreement with the experimental data in wind tunnel tests, confirming the rationality of the probabilistic trajectory model. Based on the validated trajectory model, the probability characteristics of the debris impact position, impact velocity, and kinetic energy, debris angular displacement, and angular velocity are analyzed in detail under five different wind attack angles. The proposed probabilistic model of plate-type debris in turbulent wind flow provides an accurate and effective method for predicting debris trajectory in three-dimensional space.

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“…While 2D debris flight models are easy to implement, these 2D models cannot represent the motion of debris during actual wind storms. [5,6] employed experimentally measured force and moment coefficient to calculate the three-dimensional motion of windborne debris during flight, developing 6-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) models in a uniform wind field. It is this 3D motion that is most likely to occur in real storms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Model of Three-Dimensional Motion of Plate-Type Wind-Borne Debris Based on Quaternions and its Improvement in Unsteady Flow

Huang

2013

AMM

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A numerical model of three-dimensional motion of plate-type wind-borne debris in uniform wind field based on quaternions is proposed in this paper. This model can simulate the complex 3D spinning flight robustly and efficiently with rotational quaternions, which are also free from the gimbal lock that is associated with Euler rotational matrix. The predictions from the model were then compared with the results of another quasi-steady model, and good agreement is found. For the unsteady flow involved in autorotational flight mode, the present model was improved by revising the damping moment in order to simulate the two-dimensional motion of plates with higher accuracy. Calibration of the damping moment coefficient was performed through a direct comparison of the predicted non-dimensional angular velocity with the results of CFD-RBD model. The predictions of the improved model agree reasonably well with the CFD-RBD results, which verifies the accuracy of the improved model in predicting the two-dimensional trajectories of plates.

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Behavior of Flying Debris in Tornado-like Flow

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Windborne debris trajectories in tornado-like flow field initiated from a low-rise building

Windborne debris trajectories in tornado-like flow field initiated from a low-rise building

Predicting Trajectories of Plate-Type Wind-Borne Debris in Turbulent Wind Flow with Uncertainties

Numerical Model of Three-Dimensional Motion of Plate-Type Wind-Borne Debris Based on Quaternions and its Improvement in Unsteady Flow

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