BDNF Expression in the Hippocampus of Maternally Separated Rats: Does Bifidobacterium Breve 6330 Alter BDNF Levels?

Bifidobacteria exert strain‐specific effects on stress‐related behavior and physiology in BALB/c mice

“…Conversely, probiotics have been suggested to correct for stress‐induced alterations, postinfectious stress and we have shown that L. rhamnosus have the potential to improve anxiety and stress response in BALB/c mice, along with changes in central GABA (gamma‐aminobutyric acid) receptors expression . Others also showed that both Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli can have beneficial effects in anxiety in rodents and humans and may have a potential in neurodegenerative disorders …”

“…Bifidobacteria are notably used as beneficial food supplements in dairy products and play a protective role against pathogenic bacteria and allergies . Notably, Bifidobacteria of the genera longum and breve were shown, or hypothesized, to have positive effects on the immune system, IBS, depression, anxiety and neurodegenerative diseases . Questions remain as to whether all Bifidobacteria strains are equal in their ability to have positive effects on behavior.…”

“…[21][22][23] Notably, Bifidobacteria of the genera longum and breve were shown, or hypothesized, to have positive effects on the immune system, 24 IBS, 25,26 depression, 27,28 anxiety 19 and neurodegenerative diseases. 29,30 Questions remain as to whether all Bifidobacteria strains are equal in their ability to have positive effects on behavior.…”

Gut microbiota, the immune system, and diet influence the neonatal gut–brain axis

“…The limbic system receives input from other brain regions responsible for a range of behaviors. Maternal deprivation and pain studies in neonatal mice (7,8) indicate that the limbic system plays an important role in development of the hippocampus. In preterm infants without intracranial hemorrhage or ischemia, injury to the hippocampus is likely responsible for neurobehavioral disorders seen in preterm infants during childhood (9).…”

Diet and the Gut Microbiota – How the Gut

“…They later showed that BDNF elicits cholesterol biosynthesis in cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons but not in glial cells by upregulating expression of enzymes involved in de novo cholesterol synthesis. 117,118 However, not all probiotic studies have implicated BNDF in observed improved brain function in laboratory animals. Interestingly, BDNF is reduced in ASD and moreover, genetic polymorphism in the gene responsible for BDNF production leads to production of isoforms of the protein with different proteolytic activities.…”