BCG and Cancer

Bast, Robert C.; Zbar, Berton; Borsos, Tibor; Rapp, Herbert J.

doi:10.1056/nejm197406272902605

Cited by 184 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Mycobacteria have long been known to exert a number of immunomodulatory effects and have been used extensively as a source of adjuvant preparations. The best known adjuvant is Freund's complete adjuvant consisting of a paraffin oil emulsion and heat-killed mycobacteria (15); however, live M. bovis BCG has also been used as an immunotherapeutic agent (7). Similarly, purified components of mycobacteria have been shown to have immunostimulatory activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Liposomes Containing Mycobacterial Lipids: a New Powerful Th1 Adjuvant System

et al. 2005

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The immunostimulation provided by the mycobacterial cell wall has been exploited for many decades, e.g., in Freund's complete adjuvant. Recently, the underlying mechanism behind this adjuvant activity, including Toll receptor signaling, has begun to be unraveled, confirming the potential of mycobacterial constituents to act as adjuvants. In this study, the immunostimulatory properties of a Mycobacterium bovis BCG lipid extract were tested for their adjuvant activity. Administration of the lipids in dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide-based cationic liposomes induced a powerful Th1 response characterized by markedly elevated antigen-specific immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) isotype antibodies and substantial production of gamma interferon. The adjuvant formulation (designated mycosomes) elicited high levels of gamma interferon both in C57BL/6 as well as in Th2-prone BALB/c mice. Furthermore, the mycosomes induced immune responses to protein antigens from several sources including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia muridarum, and tetanus toxoid. In a tuberculosis challenge model, the mycosomes combined with the Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein were demonstrated to have a unique ability to maintain sustained immunological memory at a level superior to live BCG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Liposomes Containing Mycobacterial Lipids: a New Powerful Th1 Adjuvant System

et al. 2005

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“…Although the concept of immune surveillance, as a mechanism ofhost resistance to cancer, offers hope that highly specific, more effective, and less toxic therapies for tumors can be developed, extensive clinical immunotherapy trials (29,30) have not yet fulfilled expectations. In fact, the role of the immune system in cancer control has been seriously questioned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitors of monocyte responses to chemotaxins are present in human cancerous effusions and react with monoclonal antibodies to the P15(E) structural protein of retroviruses.

Cianciolo¹,

Hunter²,

Silva³

et al. 1981

J. Clin. Invest.

116

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“…Cell Lines and Cell Culture-CDDP-sensitive OV2008 (17) and A2780s (18,19) and CDDP-resistant C13* (20), OVCA420 (21), OVCA433 (22,23), and HEY (24) human ovarian cancer cell lines were derived from serous cystadenocarcinomas of the ovary. The C13* cell line is the isogenic resistant counterpart to OV2008, selected by chronic exposure of increasing concentrations of CDDP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calpain-mediated Processing of p53-associated Parkin-like Cytoplasmic Protein (PARC) Affects Chemosensitivity of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells by Promoting p53 Subcellular Trafficking

Woo

Xue

Liu

et al. 2012

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: PARC sequesters p53 in the cytoplasm; dysregulation of p53 localization/function contributes to chemoresistance in OVCA. Results: Cisplatin promotes calpain-mediated PARC down-regulation, mitochondrial and nuclear p53 accumulation, and apoptosis in chemosensitive but not resistant OVCA cells. Conclusion: Dysregulation of calpain-mediated PARC processing promotes chemoresistance in OVCA cells. Significance: PARC down-regulation represents a novel strategy to prevent/reverse resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

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BCG and Cancer

Cited by 184 publications

References 64 publications

Cationic Liposomes Containing Mycobacterial Lipids: a New Powerful Th1 Adjuvant System

Cationic Liposomes Containing Mycobacterial Lipids: a New Powerful Th1 Adjuvant System

Inhibitors of monocyte responses to chemotaxins are present in human cancerous effusions and react with monoclonal antibodies to the P15(E) structural protein of retroviruses.

Calpain-mediated Processing of p53-associated Parkin-like Cytoplasmic Protein (PARC) Affects Chemosensitivity of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells by Promoting p53 Subcellular Trafficking

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