Bamboo fibre filled natural rubber composites: the effects of filler loading and bonding agent

Ismail, Hanafi; Edyham, M.R.; Wirjosentono, Basuki

doi:10.1016/s0142-9418(01)00060-5

Cited by 331 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The untreated GSP-PLA fibre showed superior UTS at 5 wt. %, which is attributed to the filler concentration and distribution [8,9]. In Figure 2 the ductility of treated and untreated GSP reinforced PLA nanofibre is shown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mechanical characteristics of groundnut shell particle reinforced polylactide nano fibre

et al. 2016

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The PLA-groundnut shell solution is electrospun to produce nanocomposite fibre. The spinneret containing the composite solution was placed 24.7 cm away from the aluminium collector, tilted at an angle of 30 °, and the solution flow rate kept at 1 mL/min. Groundnut Shell particle (GSP) weight fraction used was varied from 3 -8 wt. %. Particle reinforced nanofibres were formed on the collector from the composite solution at 26 kV. These nanofibres were subjected to tensile test and the result indicates that at 6 wt. % untreated GSP reinforced fibre possessed the best tensile stiffness of 24.62 MPa. This corresponds to 2.201 % increase in Modulus of Elasticity over the unreinforced PLA (1.07 MPa). The 7 wt. % treated GSP fibre showed the least stiffness (0.33 MPa), which is 69 % reduction over that of unreinforced fibre. PLA fibre reinforced with 5 wt. % untreated GSP displayed best blend of properties over the unreinforced with increase of 286 % (4.43 x 10 -4 HB), 1,502 % (1.07 MPa), 286 % (0.22 MPa), 6.8 % (0.05 J) and 1,081 % (~ 0.15 MPa) in hardness, stiffness, UTS, energy at break and stress at break respectively. However, ductility decreased by ~33.3 % when compared to the unreinforced (18.27). The 5 wt. % untreated GSP PLA reinforced fibre showed the highest UTS (0.855 MPa). The micrographs showed beads on reinforced fibres, while the virgin PLA showed no beads.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Mechanical characteristics of groundnut shell particle reinforced polylactide nano fibre

et al. 2016

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“…As this area increases the worsening bonding between them decreases the tensile strength. It has also been shown that for irregularly-shaped fillers the strength of the composites can decrease due to the inability of the filler to support stresses transferred from the polymer matrix 19 . On the other hand, poor interfacial bonding causes partially separated micro-spaces between the filler particles and the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Tensile Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the properties of rice-husk-filled-PP composites: effect of maleated PP

et al. 2009

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Rice husk is a by-product of rice milling process that usually finds inadequate final disposal (burning, land filling). Thermoplastics composites filled with rice husk flour are materials that offer an alternative for using this agricultural resource viewing the production of low dense materials with some specific properties. In this work composites of polypropylene (PP) and rice husk flour (RHF) were prepared by melt extrusion. Maleic anhydridemodified PP (MAPP) was added as a coupling agent. It was verified that tensile strength decreased with filler loading. The presence of MAPP improved this property showing a strong dependence on the MAPP/RHF ratio (MAPP/RHF = 0.03 produced the best results). The density of the composites slightly increased with filler and coupling agent in comparison to pure PP. The presence of MAPP diminished more than 20% water uptake in highly-loaded composites.

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“…2). Thus, the inclusion of bamboo fiber into the rubber matrix enhanced the stiffness of the composites (Ismail et al 2002).…”

Section: Fiber Loadingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, at a certain point, the matrices cannot bind all the fibers completely. Therefore, the effect of fiber content on composite tensile strength has been studied (Ismail et al 2002;Facca et al 2007). …”

Section: Fiber Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the decreased strength of BFRNR was influenced by the natural hydrophilic property of bamboo fibers, which cannot adhere well with hydrophobic natural rubber. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of the fractured surface is one of the best ways to explain the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and matrix, which the author (Ismail et al 2002) reported in his studies. In contrast to tensile strength, the tensile modulus of BFRNR composites increased with increased filler loading (Fig.…”

Section: Fiber Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Tensile Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Shah

Sultan

Jawaid

et al. 2016

BioRes

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a This paper reviews the tensile properties of bamboo fiber reinforced polymer composites (BFRP). Environmentally friendly bamboo fibers have good mechanical properties, which make them suitable replacements for conventional fibers, such as glass and carbon, in composite materials. Better fiber and matrix interaction results in good interfacial adhesion between fiber/matrix and fewer voids in the composite. Several important factors improve matrix-fiber bonding and enhance the tensile properties of BFRP. Coupling agents, such as maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP), improve the adhesion of bamboo fibers in the polypropylene (PP) matrix. A high percentage of lignin content in bamboo fibers limits fiber separation, which leads to less matrix absorption between fibers. Steam explosion is the best extraction method for bamboo fibers, although an additional mechanically rubbing process is required for fiber separation. Generally, high fiber content results in good composite performance, but at a certain limit, the matrix does not adhere well with a saturated amount of fibers, and the composite tensile strength decreases. However, the tensile modulus of BFRP is not affected by excess fiber content. Hybridization of bamboo with conventional fibers increases the tensile strength of BFRP. The addition of micro/nano-sized bamboo fibrils into the carbon fabric composites slightly enhances composite strength.

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Bamboo fibre filled natural rubber composites: the effects of filler loading and bonding agent

Cited by 331 publications

References 14 publications

Mechanical characteristics of groundnut shell particle reinforced polylactide nano fibre

Mechanical characteristics of groundnut shell particle reinforced polylactide nano fibre

Studies on the properties of rice-husk-filled-PP composites: effect of maleated PP

A Review on the Tensile Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

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